Modulation by enkephalin analogues and neuroleptics of apomorphine-induced stereotypy and turning behaviour in rats.

The aim of the present investigation was to examine which areas of the brain might mediate the anti-apomorphine action of some opioids, which were found previously to be active upon subcutaneous application. As the first step, the substances were injected intracerebroventricularly or into the nucleus accumbens, a mesolimbic region which is rich in dopamine, and the inhibition of stereotypy induced by apomorphine was quantified. In a separate group of animals (rats with unilateral lesion of the nigra) the antagonism of turning behaviour elicited by apomorphine was measured. Substances examined were morphine, a mu-selective opiate; D-Ala2,Nle5-enkephalin sulphonic acid (ES), a delta-selective opioid peptide; D-Met2,Pro5-enkephalinamide (EA), a highly potent but non-selective opioid; and two dopamine receptor blockers, haloperidol and chlorpromazine, for comparison. Examining the antagonism of turning behaviour induced by apomorphine, the order of potency was EA greater than haloperidol greater than morphine greater than ES approximately equal to chlorpromazine if injections of the substances were intracerebroventricular and EA greater than morphine much greater than haloperidol approximately equal to ES much greater than chlorpromazine when administered into the nucleus accumbens. The order of potency for the suppression of stereotypy induced by apomorphine was EA much greater than haloperidol greater than morphine greater than ES greater than chlorpromazine upon intracerebroventricular application and EA much greater than haloperidol greater than morphine ES greater than chlorpromazine if injected into the nucleus accumbens. The data indicate that endogenous opioids might inhibit the activity of dopamine in brain through the nucleus accumbens.