Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University , Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA) , Tromsø office, Fram-Centre, P.O. Box 6606, Langnes, 9296 Tromsø, Norway.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Oct 3;51(19):11250-11257. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03113. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
Passive sampling is widely used to measure levels of contaminants in various environmental matrices, including fish tissue. Equilibrium passive sampling (EPS) of persistent organic pollutants (POP) in fish tissue has been hitherto limited to application in lipid-rich tissue. We tested several exposure methods to extend EPS applicability to lean tissue. Thin-film polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) passive samplers were exposed statically to intact fillet and fish homogenate and dynamically by rolling with cut fillet cubes. The release of performance reference compounds (PRC) dosed to passive samplers prior to exposure was used to monitor the exchange process. The sampler-tissue exchange was isotropic, and PRC were shown to be good indicators of sampler-tissue equilibration status. The dynamic exposures demonstrated equilibrium attainment in less than 2 days for all three tested fish species, including lean fish containing 1% lipid. Lipid-based concentrations derived from EPS were in good agreement with lipid-normalized concentrations obtained using conventional solvent extraction. The developed in-tissue EPS method is robust and has potential for application in chemical monitoring of biota and bioaccumulation studies.
被动采样被广泛用于测量各种环境基质（包括鱼类组织）中的污染物水平。在鱼类组织中，平衡式被动采样（EPS）对持久性有机污染物（POP）的应用迄今为止仅限于富含脂质的组织。我们测试了几种暴露方法，以扩展 EPS 的适用性至瘦组织。薄的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）被动采样器通过静态暴露于完整的鱼片和鱼匀浆，以及通过滚动切割的鱼片块进行动态暴露。在暴露之前，将性能参考化合物（PRC）加入到被动采样器中，以监测交换过程。采样器-组织的交换是各向同性的，并且 PRC 被证明是采样器-组织平衡状态的良好指示物。对于所有三种测试的鱼类，包括含有 1%脂质的瘦鱼，动态暴露在不到 2 天的时间内就达到了平衡。从 EPS 得出的基于脂质的浓度与使用传统溶剂萃取获得的脂质归一化浓度非常吻合。开发的组织内 EPS 方法是稳健的，具有在生物群化学监测和生物累积研究中应用的潜力。
