Department of Food Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA.
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA.
Am J Ther. 2018 Mar/Apr;25(2):e194-e201. doi: 10.1097/MJT.0000000000000584.
Insomnia is common in the elderly and is associated with chronic disease, but use of hypnotics increases the incidence of falls. Montmorency tart cherry juice has improved insomnia by self-report questionnaire.
Is insomnia confirmed by polysomnography and is tryptophan availability a potential mechanism for treating insomnia?
A placebo-controlled balanced crossover study with subjects older than 50 years and insomnia were randomized to placebo (2 weeks) or cherry juice (2 weeks) (240 mL 2 times/d) separated by a 2-week washout.
Sleep was evaluated by polysomnography and 5 validated questionnaires. Serum indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio, and prostaglandin E2 were measured. In vitro, Caco-2 cells were stimulated with interferon-gamma, and the ability of cherry juice procyanidin to inhibit IDO which degrades tryptophan and stimulates inflammation was measured. The content of procyanidin B-2 and other major anthocyanins in cherry juice were determined.
Eleven subjects were randomized; 3 with sleep apnea were excluded and referred. The 8 completers with insomnia increased sleep time by 84 minutes on polysomnography (P = 0.0182) and sleep efficiency increased on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (P = 0.03). Other questionnaires showed no significant differences. The serum kynurenine-to-tryptophan ratio decreased, as did the level of prostaglandin E2 (both P < 0.05). In vitro, cherry juice procyanidin B-2 dose-dependently inhibited IDO.
Cherry juice increased sleep time and sleep efficiency. Cherry juice procyanidin B-2 inhibited IDO, increased tryptophan availability, reduced inflammation, and may be partially responsible for improvement in insomnia.
失眠在老年人中很常见，与慢性病有关，但催眠药物的使用会增加跌倒的发生率。蒙莫朗西酸樱桃汁通过自我报告问卷改善了失眠。
失眠是否通过多导睡眠图证实，色氨酸的可用性是否是治疗失眠的潜在机制？
一项针对 50 岁以上失眠患者的安慰剂对照平衡交叉研究，将患者随机分为安慰剂（2 周）或樱桃汁（2 周）组（2 次/d，每次 240 mL），两组之间间隔 2 周洗脱期。
通过多导睡眠图和 5 种经过验证的问卷评估睡眠。测量血清吲哚胺 2,3-双加氧酶（IDO）、犬尿氨酸/色氨酸比值和前列腺素 E2。体外，用干扰素-γ刺激 Caco-2 细胞，测量樱桃汁原花青素抑制 IDO 的能力，IDO 可降解色氨酸并刺激炎症。樱桃汁中原花青素 B-2 和其他主要花色苷的含量也进行了测定。
随机分配了 11 名受试者；3 名睡眠呼吸暂停患者被排除并转介。8 名失眠完成者在多导睡眠图上的睡眠时间增加了 84 分钟（P = 0.0182），匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（P = 0.03）上的睡眠效率也有所提高。其他问卷没有显示出显著差异。血清犬尿氨酸/色氨酸比值下降，前列腺素 E2 水平也下降（均 P < 0.05）。体外，樱桃汁原花青素 B-2 剂量依赖性地抑制 IDO。
樱桃汁增加了睡眠时间和睡眠效率。樱桃汁原花青素 B-2 抑制 IDO，增加色氨酸的可用性，减少炎症，可能是改善失眠的部分原因。
