a College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha , China.
b Ministry of Education , Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University , Changsha , China.
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 2018 May;38(3):455-468. doi: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1368446. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
Soil contamination caused by heavy metals and organic pollutants has drawn world-wide concern. Biotechnology has been applied for many years to the decontamination of soils polluted with organic and inorganic contaminants, and novel nanomaterials (NMs) has attracted much concern due to their high capacity for the removal/stabilization/degradation of pollutants. Recently, developing advanced biotechnology with NMs for the remediation of contaminated soils has become a hot research topic. Some researchers found that bioremediation efficiency of contaminated soils was enhanced by the addition of NMs, while others demonstrated that the toxicity of NMs to the organism negatively influenced the repair capacity of polluted soils. This paper reviews the application of biotechnology and NMs in soil remediation, and further provides a critical view of the effects of NMs on the phytoremediation and micro-remediation of contaminated soils. This review also discusses the future research needs for the combined application of biotechnology and NMs in soil remediation.
土壤重金属和有机污染物污染引起了全世界的关注。多年来，生物技术已被应用于受有机和无机污染物污染的土壤的净化，而新型纳米材料（NMs）因其对污染物的去除/稳定/降解的高容量而受到广泛关注。最近，利用纳米材料开发先进的生物技术来修复污染土壤已成为一个热门研究课题。一些研究人员发现，添加纳米材料可以提高污染土壤的生物修复效率，而另一些研究人员则表明，纳米材料对生物体的毒性会对污染土壤的修复能力产生负面影响。本文综述了生物技术和纳米材料在土壤修复中的应用，并进一步批判性地评价了纳米材料对污染土壤植物修复和微生物修复的影响。本文还讨论了生物技术和纳米材料在土壤修复中联合应用的未来研究需求。
