1 University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2017 Sep;43(9):1311-1322. doi: 10.1177/0146167217712989. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
Facial appearance correlates with leadership, both in terms of who is chosen (leader selection) and how they do (leader success). Leadership theories suggest that exceptional individuals acquire positions as leaders. Exceptional traits can differ between domains, however, and so the qualities valued in leaders in one occupation may not match those valued among leaders in another. To test this, we compared the relationship between facial appearance and leadership across two domains: law firms and mafia families. Perceptions of power correlated with leadership among law executives whereas social skill correlated with leadership in organized crime. Critically, these traits were distinctive within their respective groups. Furthermore, an experimental test showed that the relative frequency of facial traits in a group can render them either an asset or liability. Perceived leadership ability is therefore enhanced by characteristics that appear unique among individuals who satisfy the basic criteria for their group.
面部特征与领导力相关，无论是在谁被选择（领导者选择）和他们如何做（领导者成功）方面。领导力理论表明，杰出的个体能够获得领导职位。然而，卓越的特质在不同领域可能有所不同，因此，在一种职业中被视为领导者的品质可能与另一种职业中的领导者所看重的品质不匹配。为了验证这一点，我们比较了面部特征与两个领域的领导力之间的关系：律师事务所和黑手党家族。权力感与律师事务所高管的领导力相关，而社交技能与有组织犯罪中的领导力相关。关键的是，这些特质在各自的群体中是独特的。此外，一项实验测试表明，群体中面部特征的相对频率可以使它们成为资产或负债。因此，当个体具有其所在群体的基本特征时，具有独特特征的个体的领导能力会得到增强。
