Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-AN), Rome, Italy.
School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2019 Jun;56:185-195. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are fundamental in inflammation and cancer control, through the crosstalk between the redox regulated nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kB (NFκB) gene expression. MAPKs regulate various cellular activities involved in cancer progression, including proliferation, apoptosis and immune escape and blockade of upstream kinases is a current therapeutic strategy. However, these therapies are associated with some adverse effects and with the paradoxical activation of the MAPKs pathway. In the context of cancer prevention and treatment, it has been suggested that dietary factors are able to modulate cancer initiation and progression by interacting with the MAPKs. Within these dietary factors, virgin olive oil (VOO) is of particular interest due to its content in squalene, already used as drug delivery system in cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to discuss the studies pointing to the effects of olive-derived foodstuff and nutraceuticals on MAPKs signalling cascades. The reviewed experimental studies suggest that the stress-activated JNK and p38 MAPKs could be targets of olive-derived nutraceuticals. The latter, including phytochemicals from olive cultivation and processing wastes, could be adjuvants in chemotherapies, whereas VOO could be considered a "natural delivery system" of bioactive phytochemicals due to its high content in squalene.
丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPKs）在炎症和癌症控制中起着重要作用，通过氧化还原调节核因子 E2 相关因子 2（Nrf2）和核因子-κB（NFκB）基因表达的串扰。MAPKs 调节与癌症进展相关的各种细胞活动，包括增殖、凋亡和免疫逃逸，阻断上游激酶是当前的治疗策略。然而，这些治疗方法与一些不良反应以及 MAPKs 途径的矛盾激活有关。在癌症预防和治疗的背景下，已经提出膳食因素能够通过与 MAPKs 相互作用来调节癌症的发生和进展。在这些膳食因素中，特级初榨橄榄油（VOO）因其含有角鲨烯而特别引人注目，角鲨烯已被用作癌症治疗中的药物传递系统。本综述的目的是讨论指出橄榄油衍生食品和营养保健品对 MAPKs 信号级联的影响的研究。综述的实验研究表明，应激激活的 JNK 和 p38 MAPKs 可能是橄榄衍生营养保健品的靶点。后者包括橄榄油种植和加工废物中的植物化学物质，可能是化疗的辅助剂，而 VOO 由于其角鲨烯含量高，可被视为生物活性植物化学物质的“天然传递系统”。
