Conti C R
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Am J Cardiol. 1987 Nov 16;60(15):31H-34H. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(87)90548-0.
The rationale for using intravenous nitrates in patients hospitalized with severe angina pectoris is that physiologic action is almost immediate. Many studies and clinical experience indicate that the use of this preparation results in a marked diminution of recurrent angina episodes in most patients. If adverse reactions such as severe hypotension or bradycardia occur, decreasing the dose or stopping it entirely corrects the problem. Intravenous nitroglycerin can be used in combination with other known antianginal agents, such as beta blockers and calcium antagonists. In clinical practice most patients are treated with nitrates and beta blockers or calcium antagonists because the combination of drugs may reduce ischemia and symptoms more than each drug used alone over a long period.
在因严重心绞痛住院的患者中使用静脉硝酸盐制剂的理论依据是其生理作用几乎是即时的。许多研究和临床经验表明，使用这种制剂可使大多数患者反复出现的心绞痛发作显著减少。如果出现严重低血压或心动过缓等不良反应，减少剂量或完全停药即可纠正问题。静脉注射硝酸甘油可与其他已知的抗心绞痛药物联合使用，如β受体阻滞剂和钙拮抗剂。在临床实践中，大多数患者接受硝酸盐与β受体阻滞剂或钙拮抗剂的治疗，因为与长期单独使用每种药物相比，联合用药可能更能减轻缺血和症状。
