Chauhan Harsh, Khurana Paramjit
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India.
Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1679:153-167. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7337-8_10.
Feeding the growing population utilizing the limited agricultural resources remains a great challenge. Plant biotechnology plays a vital role in crop improvement by incorporating desired quality traits, tolerance to abiotic stresses and resistance to biotic stresses, which are otherwise tough to achieve by conventional plant breeding methodologies. Genetic engineering is a powerful tool to develop desired traits in selected crops to make the crops suitable for future demand and environment. For genetic engineering of crops like wheat, the development of efficient transformation and regeneration systems has always been a prime requirement. Immature embryo cultures have been used largely for genetic engineering purposes in wheat, but the availability of healthy immature embryos as explant throughout the year is difficult. In contrast, mature embryos are readily available throughout the year. Therefore, it is essential to develop an efficient transformation and regeneration system employing mature embryos as explant. Here, we summarize the recent developments in wheat tissue culture using mature embryos as explants and its use in genetic transformation.
利用有限的农业资源养活不断增长的人口仍然是一项巨大的挑战。植物生物技术通过整合所需的品质性状、对非生物胁迫的耐受性和对生物胁迫的抗性，在作物改良中发挥着至关重要的作用，而这些性状用传统植物育种方法很难实现。基因工程是在选定作物中培育所需性状以使作物适应未来需求和环境的有力工具。对于小麦等作物的基因工程而言，高效转化和再生系统的开发一直是首要要求。未成熟胚培养在很大程度上已用于小麦的基因工程目的，但全年都难以获得健康的未成熟胚作为外植体。相比之下，成熟胚全年都很容易获得。因此，开发一种以成熟胚作为外植体的高效转化和再生系统至关重要。在此，我们总结了以成熟胚作为外植体的小麦组织培养的最新进展及其在遗传转化中的应用。
