University Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, Memory and Resources Research Centre, Lille, France.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2017 Dec;30(6):589-598. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000502.
The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the role of tau beyond the stabilization of microtubules and on the clinical, pathological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of tauopathies.
Beyond its function as a microtubule-associated tau protein, tau is also involved in gene regulation, signal transduction and metabolism. Experimental models allow for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Tauopathies encompass different disorders that may manifest with various clinical syndromes. Differential diagnosis with other proteinopathies is still challenging. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and radiotracers were extensively studied in the last year. Although diagnostic accuracy remains deceiving in non-Alzheimer's disease tauopathies, positron emission tomography tau tracers could be used to monitor disease progression.
Despite the advent of novel therapeutic approaches and the increasing number of clinical trials in tauopathies, accurate clinical diagnosis is still an unmet need and better tau biomarkers are still desperately needed. Although primary taupathies are rare and heterogeneous disorders, their combined prevalence and the importance of tau disorder in Alzheimer's disease and secondary tauopathies makes research on tauopathy a priority - because it could benefit many patients.
本文旨在介绍 Tau 蛋白的作用除了稳定微管以外的其他功能，以及 Tau 病的临床、病理、诊断和治疗方面的最新进展。
除了作为微管相关蛋白的功能外，Tau 还参与基因调控、信号转导和代谢。实验模型允许开发新的诊断和治疗工具。 Tau 病包括不同的疾病，可能表现出不同的临床综合征。与其他蛋白病的鉴别诊断仍然具有挑战性。在过去的一年中，脑脊液生物标志物和放射性示踪剂得到了广泛的研究。尽管非阿尔茨海默病 Tau 病的诊断准确性仍然令人失望，但正电子发射断层扫描 Tau 示踪剂可用于监测疾病进展。
尽管出现了新的治疗方法和 Tau 病临床试验的数量不断增加，但准确的临床诊断仍然是一个未满足的需求，更好的 Tau 生物标志物仍然迫切需要。尽管原发性 Tau 病是罕见且异质性的疾病，但它们的综合患病率以及 Tau 紊乱在阿尔茨海默病和继发性 Tau 病中的重要性使得 Tau 病的研究成为当务之急——因为它可能使许多患者受益。
