Rocha Sónia, Tejo Sandra, Ferreira Eugénia, Trindade Luís, Rabadão Eduardo, Marques Nuno, Saraiva da Cunha José
Serviço de Doenças Infeciosas. Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra. Coimbra. Portugal.
Acta Med Port. 2017 Aug 31;30(7-8):534-540. doi: 10.20344/amp.8130.
In Portugal, the prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection has decreased in the past decades, especially in young adults. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis A virus in a population observed in our Travel Clinic.
Antibodies against hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus were tested using standard enzyme immunoassay in patients older than 18. The exclusion criteria were: prior vaccination for hepatitis A virus, previous diagnosis of infection with hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and/or human immunodeficiency virus, foreign travelers and long-term expatriates. We applied an epidemiological survey and data was statistically analyzed with SPSS® 18.0.
In the 665 travelers studied, natural immunity to hepatitis A virus was present in 57.6% (n = 383). They were stratified into 8 age groups and for each one hepatitis A immunity was clarified: 5.0% (n = 1) in 18 - 25 years, 32.3% (n = 21) in 26 - 30 years, 40.9% (n = 47) in 31 - 35 years, 45.8% (n = 54) in 36 - 40 years, 68.7% (n = 79) in 41 - 45 years, 70.1% (n = 68) in 46 - 50 years, 80.8% (n = 63) in 51 - 55 years and 87.7% (n = 50) over 56 years old. In those who accepted further screening, positivity for hepatitis B core antibody was found in 0.6% (n = 3) travelers, hepatitis C virus infection in 1.1% (n = 6) and human immunodeficiency virus infection in 0.5% (n = 3) whose previous status was unknown. The most frequent travel destination was sub-Saharan Africa (72.6%; n = 483).
We found 49.1% (n = 260) travelers under 50 years old susceptible to hepatitis A virus infection and for those between 40 and 50 years, 30.7% (n = 65) still need vaccine protection.
Across age groups there is a trend towards lower prevalence of hepatitis A virus antibody, in particular among youngsters, when compared with older Portuguese studies.
在葡萄牙，过去几十年里甲型肝炎病毒感染的患病率有所下降，尤其是在年轻人中。本研究的目的是检测在我们旅行诊所观察的人群中甲型肝炎病毒抗体的患病率。
对18岁以上患者使用标准酶免疫测定法检测抗甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和人类免疫缺陷病毒的抗体。排除标准为：曾接种甲型肝炎病毒疫苗、先前诊断感染乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒和/或人类免疫缺陷病毒、外国旅行者和长期侨民。我们进行了一项流行病学调查，并使用SPSS® 18.0对数据进行了统计分析。
在研究的665名旅行者中，57.6%（n = 383）对甲型肝炎病毒具有自然免疫力。他们被分为8个年龄组，并对每个年龄组的甲型肝炎免疫力进行了明确：18至25岁组为5.0%（n = 1），26至30岁组为32.3%（n = 21），31至35岁组为40.9%（n = 47），36至40岁组为45.8%（n = 54），41至45岁组为68.7%（n = 79），46至50岁组为70.1%（n = 68），51至55岁组为80.8%（n = 63），56岁以上组为87.7%（n = 50）。在接受进一步筛查的人中，0.6%（n = 3）的旅行者乙型肝炎核心抗体呈阳性，1.1%（n = 6）感染丙型肝炎病毒，0.5%（n = 3）感染人类免疫缺陷病毒，其先前状态未知。最常见的旅行目的地是撒哈拉以南非洲（72.6%；n = 483）。
我们发现49.1%（n = 260）的50岁以下旅行者易感染甲型肝炎病毒，对于40至50岁的人群，30.7%（n = 65）仍需要疫苗保护。
与葡萄牙以往的研究相比，各年龄组中甲型肝炎病毒抗体的患病率呈下降趋势，尤其是在年轻人中。
