Kmenta Maximilian, Bastl Katharina, Berger Uwe, Kramer Matthias F, Heath Matthew D, Pätsi Sanna, Pessi Anna-Mari, Saarto Annika, Werchan Barbora, Werchan Matthias, Zetter Reinhard, Bergmann Karl-Christian
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Paleontology, University of Vienna, Geozentrum UZA II, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
World Allergy Organ J. 2017 Sep 12;10(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s40413-017-0163-2. eCollection 2017.
Grasses release the most widespread aeroallergens with considerable sensitization rates, while different species produce several pollen concentration peaks throughout the season. This study analyzed the prevalence of grass species in three different European city areas and compared the flowering period of these species with daily pollen concentrations and the symptom loads of grass pollen allergy sufferers.
The most prevalent grass species in Vienna (Austria), Berlin (Germany) and Turku (Finland) were studied and examined by use of three different approaches: phenology, pollen monitoring and symptom load evaluation. A mobile pollen exposure chamber was employed to observe reaction patterns of grass pollen allergy sufferers to three common grass species evaluated in this study versus placebo.
Common meadow grass () and the fescue grass species ( spp.) are important contributors within the grass pollen season. The pollination period of orchard grass () and false-oat grass () indicated a greater importance in Berlin and Vienna, whereas a broader spectrum of grass species contributed in Turku to the main pollen season. The standardized provocation induced a nasal symptom load, reduction in nasal flow and increased secretion, in contrary to the placebo control group in grass pollen allergic subjects.
The phenological observations, pollen measurements and symptom data evaluation provided unique insights into the contribution of multiple grass species in different European regions. All investigated grass species in the provocation induced rhinitis symptoms of comparable significance, with some degree of variation in symptom patterns.
禾本科植物释放的空气变应原分布最为广泛，致敏率相当高，而不同物种在整个季节会出现多个花粉浓度峰值。本研究分析了欧洲三个不同城市地区禾本科物种的流行情况，并将这些物种的花期与每日花粉浓度以及禾本科花粉过敏患者的症状负荷进行了比较。
采用物候学、花粉监测和症状负荷评估这三种不同方法，对奥地利维也纳、德国柏林和芬兰图尔库最常见的禾本科物种进行了研究和检测。使用一个移动式花粉暴露舱，观察禾本科花粉过敏患者对本研究中评估的三种常见禾本科物种与安慰剂的反应模式。
普通早熟禾（）和羊茅属物种（ spp.）是禾本科花粉季节的重要贡献者。黑麦草（）和燕麦草（）的授粉期在柏林和维也纳显示出更大的重要性，而在图尔库，更多种类的禾本科物种对主要花粉季节有贡献。与禾本科花粉过敏受试者的安慰剂对照组相反，标准化激发试验诱发了鼻部症状负荷、鼻流量减少和分泌物增加。
物候观测、花粉测量和症状数据评估为不同欧洲地区多种禾本科物种的贡献提供了独特见解。激发试验中所有研究的禾本科物种均诱发了具有相当重要性的鼻炎症状，症状模式存在一定程度的差异。
