Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Child Development Center and Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Sleep. 2017 Sep 1;40(9). doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsx122.
To compare intraindividually the effects of acute sleep deprivation (ASD) and chronic sleep restriction (CSR) on the homeostatic increase in slow wave activity (SWA) and to relate it to impairments in basic cognitive functioning, that is, vigilance.
The increase in SWA after ASD (40 hours of wakefulness) and after CSR (seven nights with time in bed restricted to 5 hours per night) relative to baseline sleep was assessed in nine healthy, male participants (age = 18-26 years) by high-density electroencephalography. The SWA increase during the initial part of sleep was compared between the two conditions of sleep loss. The increase in SWA was related to the increase in lapses of vigilance in the psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) during the preceding days.
While ASD induced a stronger increase in initial SWA than CSR, the increase was globally correlated across the two conditions in most electrodes. The increase in initial SWA was positively associated with the increase in PVT lapses.
The individual homeostatic response in SWA is globally preserved across acute and chronic sleep loss, that is, individuals showing a larger increase after ASD also do so after CSR and vice versa. Furthermore, the increase in SWA is globally correlated to vigilance impairments after sleep loss over both conditions. Thus, the increase in SWA might therefore provide a physiological marker for individual differences in performance impairments after sleep loss.
比较急性睡眠剥夺（ASD）和慢性睡眠限制（CSR）对内个体慢波活动（SWA）的稳态增加的影响，并将其与基本认知功能（即警觉性）的损害相关联。
通过高密度脑电图评估九名健康男性参与者（年龄 18-26 岁）在 ASD（40 小时清醒）和 CSR（七个晚上，每晚睡眠时间限制为 5 小时）后相对于基线睡眠的 SWA 增加。比较两种睡眠剥夺状态下初始睡眠期间的 SWA 增加。SWA 的增加与前几天警觉性失误的增加（在精神运动警觉任务 [PVT] 中）有关。
虽然 ASD 诱导的初始 SWA 增加强于 CSR，但在大多数电极中，两种条件下的增加总体上相关。初始 SWA 的增加与 PVT 失误的增加呈正相关。
SWA 的个体稳态反应在急性和慢性睡眠剥夺中总体上得到保留，即 ASD 后增加较大的个体在 CSR 后也会增加，反之亦然。此外，两种条件下，SWA 的增加与睡眠剥夺后警觉性损害呈总体相关性。因此，SWA 的增加可能为睡眠剥夺后表现受损的个体差异提供生理标志物。
