The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London, UK.
Policy Surveillance Program, Center for Public Health Law Research, Temple University Beasley School of Law, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Health Policy. 2017 Oct;121(10):1021-1024. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2017.08.009. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
Sound governance is central to effective pandemic management. Key international legal instruments governing pandemic management in the European Union (EU): the International Health Regulations (2005) and Decision 1082/13 require EU Member States to develop national plans and invite them to establish national legal frameworks to support compliance with this international legislation. Although Member States may design the legal framework as they choose, the strongest instrument of pandemic governance is national legislation. It is currently unclear what national pandemic governance exists in Member States as it has not been mapped, i.e. identified and collated. Legal analysis and empirical evaluation of implementation and impact have therefore not been possible. We propose comprehensive mapping to create the necessary comparative data for legal analysis assessing national legislation's compliance with international obligations and ethical principles. Empirical research could evaluate its effectiveness in promoting cross-border coherence and robust emergency response. We draw on the U.S. experience with "policy surveillance", the systematic scientific mapping of laws of public health importance. Until national pandemic governance is mapped and evaluated, we cannot know if it is lawful, ethical or effective.
健全的治理是有效管理大流行病的核心。管理欧盟大流行病的主要国际法律文书：《国际卫生条例（2005 年）》和第 1082/13 号决定要求欧盟成员国制定国家计划，并邀请它们建立国家法律框架，以支持遵守这项国际立法。尽管成员国可以自行设计法律框架，但大流行病治理的最强有力手段是国家立法。目前尚不清楚成员国存在什么样的国家大流行病治理，因为尚未对其进行映射，即确定和整理。因此，无法进行法律分析和对实施和影响的实证评估。我们建议进行全面映射，以创建必要的比较数据，用于评估国家立法是否遵守国际义务和道德原则的法律分析。实证研究可以评估其在促进跨境一致性和强有力的应急反应方面的有效性。我们借鉴了美国在“政策监测”方面的经验，即对具有公共卫生重要性的法律进行系统的科学映射。在对国家大流行病治理进行映射和评估之前，我们无法确定其是否合法、合乎道德或有效。
