Aoyama T, Murase Y, Gonda T, Iwata T
Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Am J Dis Child. 1988 Jan;142(1):40-2. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1988.02150010050019.
Two types of acellular pertussis vaccine have been used in Japan since their introduction in 1981. They are different in their antigen content and immunogenicity. To assess the type-specific efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccine commercially available in Japan, 442 households of patients with pertussis were surveyed from 1981 to 1987. The secondary attack rates in children 2 through 8 years of age were 61.3% (46/75) in unimmunized children, 7.5% (4/53) in children fully immunized by the filamentous hemagglutinin predominant type acellular pertussis vaccine, 14.3% (1/7) in children fully immunized by the pertussis toxin-filamentous hemagglutinin type vaccine, and 13.5% (7/52) in children given whole-cell pertussis vaccine. The estimated efficacy was 87.7% for the filamentous hemagglutinin predominant type vaccine and 76.7% for the pertussis toxin-filamentous hemagglutinin type vaccine in children aged 2 through 8 years. Both types of acellular pertussis vaccine were similarly effective, without any statistically significant differences, and their efficacy was not different from that of whole-cell vaccines. This survey also indicated that adults are a major source of infection, with a high secondary attack rate of 7.8%.
自1981年引入以来，日本使用了两种无细胞百日咳疫苗。它们的抗原含量和免疫原性有所不同。为评估日本市售无细胞百日咳疫苗的型特异性效力，于1981年至1987年对442户百日咳患者家庭进行了调查。2至8岁儿童的继发感染率在未免疫儿童中为61.3%（46/75），在由丝状血凝素为主型无细胞百日咳疫苗完全免疫的儿童中为7.5%（4/53），在由百日咳毒素-丝状血凝素型疫苗完全免疫的儿童中为14.3%（1/7），在接种全细胞百日咳疫苗的儿童中为13.5%（7/52）。2至8岁儿童中，丝状血凝素为主型疫苗的估计效力为87.7%，百日咳毒素-丝状血凝素型疫苗的估计效力为76.7%。两种无细胞百日咳疫苗的效果相似，无任何统计学显著差异，且其效力与全细胞疫苗无异。该调查还表明，成人是主要感染源，继发感染率高达7.8%。
