Sharma Pranav, Kochar Puneet, Sharma Salil, Gupta Nishant, Li Shuo, Hooda Kusum, Kumar Yogesh
Department of Radiology, Yale New Haven Heath at Bridgeport Hospital, Bridgeport, CT, USA.
Department of Radiology, Saint Vincent's Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT, USA.
Ann Transl Med. 2017 Sep;5(17):345. doi: 10.21037/atm.2017.06.23.
Pulmonary arterio-venous malformations (PAVMs) are abnormal pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins communicating directly without interposition of a capillary bed and about 80-90% of patients with PAVMs eventually may present with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), remaining ones are sporadic cases. On the other hand, about 15-35% of HHT patients may present with PAVMs. The PAVMs have a tendency to grow and increase in size over time and various factors like puberty, pregnancy and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) affect growth. This condition needs early diagnosis, aggressive management and vigilant follow up. Our article aims to review pulmonary AVMs as a rare cause of strokes in young patients. We will discuss the clinical presentation, diagnosis, complications, the therapeutic options and the follow up.
肺动静脉畸形（PAVM）是肺动脉和肺静脉之间的异常直接连通，中间没有毛细血管床介入，约80-90%的PAVM患者最终可能会出现遗传性出血性毛细血管扩张症（HHT），其余为散发病例。另一方面，约15-35%的HHT患者可能会出现PAVM。PAVM有随时间推移而生长和增大的趋势，青春期、妊娠和肺动脉高压（PAH）等各种因素会影响其生长。这种情况需要早期诊断、积极治疗和密切随访。我们的文章旨在综述肺动静脉畸形作为年轻患者中风的罕见病因。我们将讨论其临床表现、诊断、并发症、治疗选择和随访情况。
