Arafat Nagah, Abbas Ibrahim
Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
J Parasitol. 2018 Feb;104(1):23-30. doi: 10.1645/17-109. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
A systematic study was undertaken to identify the species, characterize the pathogenicity, and assess the immunization of Eimeria bateri in Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica). In total, 107 Japanese quail farms were examined. The samples were processed and oocyst shape indices of sporulated oocysts were determined. Out of 107 examined farms, 34 (31.78%) farms were positive. Four Eimeria spp. were morphologically identified. For characterization of the pathogenicity, Japanese quail were orally inoculated with various doses of sporulated oocysts of Eimeria bateri. Weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, severity of diarrhea, and intestinal lesion scores were examined. The birds inoculated with high doses displayed significantly lower weight gain and poorer FCR, increased mortality, and more intestinal and fecal lesions scores. To quantify the immunization of Japanese quail against coccidiosis, 2-day-old quail were orally inoculated with either 100 or 1,000 sporulated oocysts of E. bateri. At 30 days of age, the immunized and non-immunized challenged birds were orally inoculated with 1 × 10 sporulated oocysts of E. bateri. After challenge, birds immunized with 100 or 1,000 oocysts had better weight gain, FCR, minimal diarrhea, fewer intestinal lesions, and lesser oocyst production compared to non-immunized challenged birds. We concluded that vaccination is a viable method for controlling coccidiosis in Japanese quail.
开展了一项系统性研究，以鉴定巴氏艾美耳球虫的种类、表征其致病性并评估其在日本鹌鹑（ Coturnix coturnix japonica）中的免疫情况。总共检查了107个日本鹌鹑养殖场。对样本进行处理并测定了孢子化卵囊的卵囊形态指数。在107个被检查的养殖场中，34个（31.78%）养殖场呈阳性。从形态学上鉴定出了4种艾美耳球虫。为了表征致病性，给日本鹌鹑口服接种不同剂量的巴氏艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊。检查了体重增加、饲料转化率（FCR）、死亡率、腹泻严重程度和肠道病变评分。接种高剂量卵囊的鸟类体重增加明显较低，饲料转化率较差，死亡率增加，肠道和粪便病变评分更高。为了量化日本鹌鹑对球虫病的免疫情况，给2日龄的鹌鹑口服接种100个或1000个巴氏艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊。在30日龄时，给免疫和未免疫的受攻击鸟类口服接种1×10个巴氏艾美耳球虫孢子化卵囊。攻击后，与未免疫的受攻击鸟类相比，用100个或1000个卵囊免疫的鸟类体重增加更好、饲料转化率更高、腹泻最小、肠道病变更少且卵囊产生量更少。我们得出结论，疫苗接种是控制日本鹌鹑球虫病的一种可行方法。
