Shah Palak, Bristow Michael R, Port J David
Department of Heart Failure and Transplantation, Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA, 22042, USA.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA.
Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2017 Dec;14(6):454-464. doi: 10.1007/s11897-017-0362-8.
Heart failure is increasing in prevalence with a lack of recently developed therapies that produce major beneficial effects on its associated mortality. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression, are differentially regulated in heart failure, and are found in the circulation serving as a biomarker of heart failure.
Data suggests that microRNAs may be used to detect allograft rejection in cardiac transplantation and may predict the degree of myocardial recovery in patients with a left ventricular assist device or treated with beta-blocker therapy. Given their role in regulating cellular function, microRNAs are an intriguing target for oligonucleotide therapeutics, designed to mimic or antagonize (antagomir) their biological effects. We review the current state of microRNAs as biomarkers of heart failure and associated conditions, the mechanisms by which microRNAs control cellular function, and how specific microRNAs may be targeted with novel therapeutics designed to treat heart failure.
心力衰竭的患病率正在上升，目前缺乏对其相关死亡率产生重大有益影响的新开发疗法。微小RNA是一类调节基因表达的小型非编码RNA分子，在心力衰竭中受到差异调节，并且存在于循环中，可作为心力衰竭的生物标志物。
数据表明，微小RNA可用于检测心脏移植中的同种异体移植排斥反应，并可预测接受左心室辅助装置治疗或β受体阻滞剂治疗的患者的心肌恢复程度。鉴于微小RNA在调节细胞功能中的作用，它们是寡核苷酸疗法的一个有趣靶点，旨在模拟或拮抗（抗微小RNA）其生物学效应。我们综述了微小RNA作为心力衰竭及相关病症生物标志物的现状、微小RNA控制细胞功能的机制，以及如何通过设计用于治疗心力衰竭的新型疗法靶向特定的微小RNA。
