Department of Otolaryngology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
Oral Dis. 2018 Nov;24(8):1417-1427. doi: 10.1111/odi.12782. Epub 2017 Nov 3.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide with high recurrence, metastasis, and poor treatment outcome. Recent studies have reported that non-coding RNA (ncRNA) might play critical role in regulating different types of cancer. MicroRNAs (miRs) are short ncRNAs (20-25 nucleotides) responsible for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and may have a role in oncogenesis by acting as oncomiRs or tumor suppressor miRs. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are heterogenous group of ncRNAs more than 200 nucleotides long, can act in cis and/or in trans, and have been also implicated in carcinogenesis. These molecules have been suggested to be promising candidates as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and for development of novel therapeutic approaches. In this review, we have summarized recent findings on role of these ncRNAs in HPV-negative (HPV-ve) and HPV-positive (HPV+ve) HNSCC. The available literature supports differential expression of both microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, which include oncogenic ncRNAs (miR-21, miR-31, miR-155, miR-211, HOTAIR, and MALAT1) and tumor suppressor ncRNAs (let7d, miR-17, miR-375, miR-139, and MEG3) in HPV+ve HNSCC tumors as compared to HPV-ve tumors and they have distinct role in the pathophysiology of these two types of HNSCCs.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是全球第六大常见癌症，具有高复发、转移和治疗效果差的特点。最近的研究报告称，非编码 RNA（ncRNA）可能在调节不同类型的癌症中发挥关键作用。microRNAs（miRs）是短 ncRNA（20-25 个核苷酸），负责基因表达的转录后调控，可能通过作为癌基因或肿瘤抑制 miR 发挥致癌作用。长非编码 RNA（lncRNAs）是长度超过 200 个核苷酸的异质 ncRNA 组，可以在顺式和/或反式发挥作用，并且也与致癌作用有关。这些分子被认为是有前途的诊断和预后生物标志物候选物，以及开发新的治疗方法的候选物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近关于这些 ncRNA 在 HPV 阴性（HPV-ve）和 HPV 阳性（HPV+ve）HNSCC 中的作用的研究结果。现有文献支持 microRNAs 和长 ncRNA 的差异表达，包括致癌 ncRNA（miR-21、miR-31、miR-155、miR-211、HOTAIR 和 MALAT1）和肿瘤抑制 ncRNA（let7d、miR-17、miR-375、miR-139 和 MEG3）在 HPV+ve HNSCC 肿瘤中与 HPV-ve 肿瘤相比，它们在这两种 HNSCC 的病理生理学中具有不同的作用。
