Shi Qi-Qi, Cheng Peng, Zhang Chong-Xing, Guo Xiu-Xia, Liu Li-Juan, Wang Hai-Fang, Kou Jing-Xuan, Huang Xiao-Dan, Wang Huai-Wei, Gong Mao-Qing
Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 11 Taibai Zhong Road, Jining 272033, Shandong, China; School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhangqiu, Shandong 250200, China.
Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 11 Taibai Zhong Road, Jining 272033, Shandong, China.
Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2017 Aug;10(8):802-807. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.08.004. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
To conduct an analysis of the epidemiological changes in malaria that have occurred in Shanxian county from 2002 to 2016.
A retrospective study was conducted and data were collected from web-based reporting system to explore the epidemiological characteristics in Shanxian county from 2002 to 2016. All individual case information was obtained from village malaria servicers organized by the local Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases.
A total of 133 cases were identified as malaria in Shanxian county during this period, including 124 indigenous cases (93.2%) and 9 imported cases (6.8%). The 124 indigenous malaria cases were infected with Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax), whereas 7 of the 9 confirmed imported cases were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum), 1 was infected with Plasmodium ovale (P. ovale) and 1 patient was infected with P. falciparum mixed with P. vivax. The total number of malaria cases included 86 males (64.7%) and 47 females (35.3%). Age of the patients ranged from 1 to 83 years, although most (64.7%) infections occurred in the 21-to 60-year-old age group. Remarkably, 117 of the total malaria cases (98.0%) were reported from 2006 to 2011. The epidemic season was from June to October, with the peak occurring yearly from July to September. The most common occupation of the infected patients was farmer. In total, 58.1% of the cases occurred in 3 townships, namely, Fugang, Huanggang and Caozhuang.
In Shanxian county, the local malaria incidence experienced an emerge-peak-control-eliminate status. However, due to the numbers of migrant labourers returning from Africa, imported cases were continuous and presented an increasing annual trend, which became a non-negligible and a significant impediment for malaria elimination. Therefore, the need to eliminate instances of malaria reintroduction to receptive malaria-free areas should drive strategies to align with the epidemiological changes.
分析2002年至2016年单县疟疾流行病学变化情况。
开展回顾性研究，从网络直报系统收集数据，以探究2002年至2016年单县的流行病学特征。所有个案信息均来自山东省寄生虫病防治研究所组织的村级疟疾防治人员。
在此期间，单县共确诊133例疟疾病例，其中本地感染病例124例（93.2%），输入性病例9例（6.8%）。124例本地疟疾病例感染间日疟原虫，9例确诊输入性病例中，7例感染恶性疟原虫，1例感染卵形疟原虫，1例患者感染恶性疟原虫与间日疟原虫混合感染。疟疾病例总数中男性86例（64.7%），女性47例（35.3%）。患者年龄范围为1至83岁，尽管大多数（64.7%）感染发生在21至60岁年龄组。值得注意的是，133例疟疾病例中的117例（98.0%）报告于2006年至2011年。流行季节为6月至10月，每年7月至9月为发病高峰。感染患者最常见职业为农民。总计58.1%的病例发生在浮岗、黄岗和曹庄3个乡镇。
单县本地疟疾发病率经历了出现、高峰、控制、消除的过程。然而，由于有从非洲返回的务工人员，输入性病例持续存在且呈逐年上升趋势，这成为疟疾消除工作中不可忽视的重大阻碍。因此，消除疟疾再次传入易感无疟地区的情况的需求应推动制定与流行病学变化相适应的策略。
