Yang Yamin, Ren Lei, Wang Hongjun
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211106, China.
Department of Biomaterials, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
Ther Deliv. 2017 Oct;8(10):879-897. doi: 10.4155/tde-2017-0049.
With unique physicochemical properties, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have demonstrated their potential as drug carriers or therapeutic agents. Effective guidance of Au NPs into specific intracellular destinations becomes increasingly important as we strive to further improve the efficiency of drug delivery and modulate controllable cellular responses. In this review, we summarized recent advances in designing Au NPs with the capabilities of cellular penetration and internalization, endosomal escape, intracellular trafficking and subcellular localization via various approaches including physical injection, tuning the physiochemical parameters of Au NPs, and surface modification with targeting ligands. Strategies for delivering Au NPs to specific subcellular destinations including the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes are also discussed. Moreover, current challenges associated with intracellular targeting of Au NPs are discussed with future perspectives proposed.
由于具有独特的物理化学性质，金纳米颗粒（Au NPs）已展现出作为药物载体或治疗剂的潜力。随着我们努力进一步提高药物递送效率并调节可控的细胞反应，将Au NPs有效引导至特定的细胞内靶点变得越来越重要。在本综述中，我们总结了通过各种方法设计具有细胞穿透和内化、内体逃逸、细胞内运输及亚细胞定位能力的Au NPs的最新进展，这些方法包括物理注射、调整Au NPs的物理化学参数以及用靶向配体进行表面修饰。还讨论了将Au NPs递送至包括细胞核、线粒体、内质网、溶酶体在内的特定亚细胞靶点的策略。此外，还讨论了当前与Au NPs细胞内靶向相关的挑战，并提出了未来展望。
