Mosberian-Tanha P, Landsverk T, Press C M, Mydland L T, Schrama J W, Øverland M
Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway.
Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
J Fish Dis. 2018 Feb;41(2):269-280. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12710. Epub 2017 Sep 25.
This study investigated morphological changes associated with soya bean meal-induced enteritis (SBMIE) in distal intestine (DI) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a soya bean meal (SBM)-based diet and exposed to normoxia or hypoxia created by optimal and low water flow rates, respectively. A 28-day adaption period was followed by a 42-day challenge period where 600 fish were subjected to dietary challenge and/or hypoxia. Twelve tanks each containing 50 juvenile trout were assigned randomly in triplicate to each treatment. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation revealed pathological features that have not previously been described in association with SBMIE. Vacuolar degeneration of epithelial cells mainly at the base of mucosal folds, epithelial cysts, epithelial dysplasia, necrosis, shedding of necrotic cells, and granulomatous inflammation including infiltration of enlarged, sometimes finely vacuolated or "foamy" macrophages, multinucleated giant cells and increased proliferation of fibroblasts were observed. Acid-fast bacteria were not detected in enlarged macrophages; however, these cells contained AB-PAS- and sometimes cytokeratin-positive material, which was interpreted to be of epithelial/goblet cell origin. Hypoxia did not affect the morphological changes in DI. These results suggest that SBM was associated with a granulomatous form of enteritis in DI of rainbow trout regardless of water oxygen level.
本研究调查了以豆粕（SBM）为基础日粮饲养的虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss），分别在最佳水流速率和低水流速率造成的常氧或低氧环境下，其远端肠道（DI）中与豆粕诱导性肠炎（SBMIE）相关的形态学变化。在28天的适应期后，进行为期42天的挑战期，600条鱼接受日粮挑战和/或低氧处理。将12个水箱，每个水箱装有50条幼鱼，随机分为三组，每组重复，分别进行每种处理。组织病理学和免疫组织化学评估揭示了以前未与SBMIE相关联描述的病理特征。观察到主要在粘膜皱襞基部的上皮细胞空泡变性、上皮囊肿、上皮发育异常、坏死、坏死细胞脱落，以及肉芽肿性炎症，包括肿大的、有时有细小空泡或“泡沫状”巨噬细胞、多核巨细胞浸润和成纤维细胞增殖增加。在肿大的巨噬细胞中未检测到抗酸杆菌；然而，这些细胞含有AB-PAS阳性物质，有时还含有细胞角蛋白阳性物质，这些物质被认为起源于上皮/杯状细胞。低氧并未影响远端肠道的形态学变化。这些结果表明，无论水中氧含量如何，豆粕都与虹鳟远端肠道的肉芽肿性肠炎有关。
