Toledo-Solís Francisco Javier, Larrán Ana M, Ortiz-Delgado Juan B, Sarasquete Carmen, Dias Jorge, Morais Sofia, Fernández Ignacio
Aquaculture Research Center, Agro-Technological Institute of Castilla y León (ITACyL), Ctra. Arévalo, Zamarramala, 40196 Segovia, Spain.
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Av. Insurgentes Sur 1582, Col. Crédito 6 Constructor, Alcaldía Benito Juárez, Mexico City 03940, Mexico.
Biology (Basel). 2023 Jun 30;12(7):937. doi: 10.3390/biology12070937.
High dietary SBM content is known to induce important physiological alterations, hampering its use as a major FM alternative. Rainbow trout () juveniles were fed two experimental diets during 9 weeks: (i) a FM diet containing 12% FM; and (ii) a vegetable meal (VM) diet totally devoid of FM and based on SBM (26%). Fish fed the VM diet did not show reduced growth performance when compared with fish fed the FM diet. Nevertheless, fish fed the VM diet had an increased viscerosomatic index, lower apparent fat digestibility, higher aminopeptidase enzyme activity and number of villi fusions, and lower α-amylase enzyme activity and brush border integrity. Small RNA-Seq analysis identified six miRs (omy-miR-730a-5p, omy-miR-135c-5p, omy-miR-93a-3p, omy-miR-152-5p, omy-miR-133a-5p, and omy-miR-196a-3p) with higher expression in blood plasma from fish fed the VM diet. Bioinformatic prediction of target mRNAs identified several overrepresented biological processes known to be associated with high dietary SBM content (e.g., lipid metabolism, epithelial integrity disruption, and bile acid status). The present research work increases our understanding of how SBM dietary content has a physiological impact in farmed fish and suggests circulating miRs might be suitable, integrative, and less invasive biomarkers in fish.
已知高含量的豆粕会引起重要的生理变化，这限制了其作为主要鱼粉替代物的应用。虹鳟幼鱼在9周内被投喂两种实验饲料：（i）一种含有12%鱼粉的鱼粉饲料；（ii）一种完全不含鱼粉且以豆粕（26%）为基础的植物性饲料。与投喂鱼粉饲料的鱼相比，投喂植物性饲料的鱼生长性能并未降低。然而，投喂植物性饲料组的鱼的脏体比增加，表观脂肪消化率降低，氨肽酶活性和绒毛融合数量增加，α-淀粉酶活性和刷状缘完整性降低。小RNA测序分析鉴定出6种在投喂植物性饲料组鱼的血浆中高表达的miR（omy-miR-730a-5p、omy-miR-135c-5p、omy-miR-93a-3p、omy-miR-152-5p、omy-miR-133a-5p和omy-miR-196a-3p）。对靶mRNA的生物信息学预测确定了几个与高含量豆粕饲料相关的过度表达的生物学过程（如脂质代谢、上皮完整性破坏和胆汁酸状态）。本研究工作增进了我们对豆粕饲料含量如何对养殖鱼类产生生理影响的理解，并表明循环miR可能是鱼类合适的、综合性的且侵入性较小的生物标志物。
