在塞尔维亚伏伊伏丁那（Vojvodina）进行的沙蝇和利什曼原虫属调查：在沙蝇中首次检测到利什曼原虫 DNA，以及首次记录了 Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) mascittii Grassi, 1908。
Sand fly and Leishmania spp. survey in Vojvodina (Serbia): first detection of Leishmania infantum DNA in sand flies and the first record of Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) mascittii Grassi, 1908.
机构信息
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Phytomedicine and Plant Protection, Laboratory for Medical Entomology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
UMR "Emergence des Pathologies Virales" (EPV: Aix-Marseille Univ - IRD 190 - Inserm 1207 - EHESP - IHU Mediterranee infection), Marseille, France.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2017 Sep 26;10(1):444. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2386-z.
BACKGROUND
Leishmaniasis in Serbia was an endemic disease, and is considered to be eradicated for more than 40 years. In the past decade sporadic cases of canine leishmaniasis started to emerge for the first time in Vojvodina Province (previously non-endemic region of Serbia). Reports of introduced, and later on autochthonous cases of leishmaniasis alerted the possibility of disease emergence. The aim of this study was to bridge more than a half a century wide gap in entomological surveillance of sand fly vectors in Vojvodina, as well as to verify the presence of the vector species that could support Leishmania spp. circulation.
RESULTS
During the period 2013-2015, a total of 136 sand flies were collected from 48 of 80 surveyed locations. Four sand fly species of the genus Phlebotomus were detected: P. papatasi, P. perfiliewi, P. mascittii and P. neglectus. Detection of P. mascittii represents the first record of this species for the sand fly fauna in Vojvodina and in Serbia. All female specimens (n = 80) were tested for Leishmania spp. DNA, and three blood-fed P. papatasi specimens were positive (4%). One positive DNA sample was successfully amplified by ITS1 nPCR. The RFLP analysis of the resulting 350 bp fragment showed a typical pattern of L. infantum, and the ITS1 partial sequence blasted in GenBank confirmed 100% identity with L. infantum and L. donovani complex sequences. This result represents the first record of both Leishmania spp. and L. infantum DNA from sand flies in Vojvodina, and in Serbia.
CONCLUSIONS
Presence of autochthonous canine leishmaniasis cases, records of Phlebotomus (Larroussius) species proven vectors of L. infantum (P. perfiliewi and P. neglectus) and detection of L. infantum DNA from wild caught (non-competent) vectors, prove that L. infantum is present in Vojvodina and indicates a probable circulation in the region.
背景
塞尔维亚的利什曼病曾是一种地方病，且在 40 多年前被认为已被根除。过去十年，在伏伊伏丁那省（塞尔维亚的一个以前非流行地区）首次出现了零星的犬利什曼病病例。这些输入性和随后的本地性利什曼病病例的报告引起了疾病出现的可能性。本研究旨在弥合伏伊伏丁那省半个多世纪以来在沙蝇媒介昆虫学监测方面的差距，并证实存在支持利什曼原虫循环的媒介物种。
结果
在 2013-2015 年期间，从 80 个调查地点中的 48 个地点共采集了 136 只沙蝇。检测到 4 种属的沙蝇：P. papatasi、P. perfiliewi、P. mascittii 和 P. neglectus。P. mascittii 的检测结果代表了该物种在伏伊伏丁那和塞尔维亚沙蝇区系中的首次记录。所有 80 只雌性标本均进行了利什曼原虫 DNA 检测，其中 3 只血源性 P. papatasi 标本呈阳性（4%）。成功地对 1 个阳性 DNA 样本进行了 ITS1 nPCR 扩增。对产生的 350 bp 片段的 RFLP 分析显示了 L. infantum 的典型模式，ITS1 部分序列在 GenBank 中的 Blast 证实与 L. infantum 和 L. donovani 复合物序列的同一性为 100%。这一结果代表了在伏伊伏丁那和塞尔维亚首次从沙蝇中检测到利什曼原虫和 L. infantum DNA。
结论
存在本地犬利什曼病病例、已证明是 L. infantum （P. perfiliewi 和 P. neglectus）传播媒介的 Phlebotomus （Larroussius）物种的记录，以及从野生捕获（非媒介）的媒介中检测到 L. infantum DNA，表明 L. infantum 存在于伏伊伏丁那，并表明该地区可能存在循环。
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