婴儿依恋的神经生物学：逆境中的依恋和情感的父母编程。
Neurobiology of infant attachment: attachment despite adversity and parental programming of emotionality.
机构信息
Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Psychol. 2017 Oct;17:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.04.022. Epub 2017 Apr 24.
Abstract
We review recent findings related to the neurobiology of infant attachment, emphasizing the role of parenting quality in attachment formation and emotional development. Current findings suggest that the development of brain structures important for emotional expression and regulation (amygdala, prefrontal cortex, hippocampus) is deeply associated with the quality of care received in infancy, with sensitive caregiving providing regulation vital for programming these structures, ultimately shaping the development of emotion into adulthood. Evidence indicates that without sensitive caregiving, infants fail to develop mechanisms needed for later-life emotion and emotion regulation. Research suggests that a sensitive period exists in early life for parental shaping of emotional development, although further cross-species research is needed to discern its age limits, and thus inform interventions.
摘要
我们回顾了与婴儿依恋的神经生物学相关的最新发现，强调了育儿质量在依恋形成和情绪发展中的作用。目前的研究结果表明，对情绪表达和调节（杏仁核、前额叶皮层、海马体）很重要的大脑结构的发育与婴儿期所接受的护理质量密切相关，敏感的养育为这些结构的编程提供了重要的调节，最终塑造了成年后的情绪发展。有证据表明，如果没有敏感的养育，婴儿就无法发展出日后所需的情绪和情绪调节机制。研究表明，生命早期存在一个父母塑造情绪发展的敏感时期，尽管还需要进行跨物种研究来确定其年龄限制，从而为干预提供信息。
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