Dong Lin-Lin, Niu Wei-Hao, Wang Rui, Xu Jiang, Zhang Lian-Juan, Zhang Jun, Chen Shi-Lin
Institute of Chinese Materia Media, China Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2017 Feb;42(3):443-449. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20161222.032.
Continuous cropping obstacles resulted in the yield losses of Panax ginseng, and affected the development of ginseng industry. Soil fungal communities participated in the key ecological process, and their changes of diversity and composition were related to the continuous cropping obstacles. We analyzed the changes of fungal diversity and composition in the rhizosphere of ginseng using the high-throughput sequencing method, stated the effects of ginseng cultivation on the micro-ecology, and provided effective strategies for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles. Compared to those of the forest soils, the fungal diversity of ginseng rhizosphere soils was increased, and the increasing trends were declined with an increasing years of ginseng cultivation; the relative abundance of Sordariomycetes, Alatospora, Eurotiomycetes, Leotiomycetes, Saccharomycetes, Mucorales and Pezizomycetes were increased in the rhizosphere of ginseng. Pearson's correlation index indicated that soil chemical perporties affected the relative abundance of fungal communities. pH was significantly related to the relative abundance of Dothideomycetes and Alatospora; the content of available potassium was markedly associated with the relative abundance of Dothideomycetes, Alatospora and Mucorales; the content of total nitrogen was significant correlation with the relative abundance of Sordariomycetes and Mucorales. These results indicated that fertilization was one of pivotal factors affecting the rhizosphere micro-ecology of ginseng, and optimization of fertilization system was an effective method to overcome continuous cropping obstacles.
连作障碍导致人参减产，影响了人参产业的发展。土壤真菌群落参与关键生态过程，其多样性和组成的变化与连作障碍有关。我们采用高通量测序方法分析了人参根际真菌多样性和组成的变化，阐述了人参种植对微生态的影响，并为克服连作障碍提供了有效策略。与森林土壤相比，人参根际土壤真菌多样性增加，且随着人参种植年限的增加，增加趋势下降；人参根际中粪壳菌纲、翼孢属、散囊菌纲、锤舌菌纲、酵母纲、毛霉目和盘菌纲的相对丰度增加。皮尔逊相关指数表明，土壤化学性质影响真菌群落的相对丰度。pH与座囊菌纲和翼孢属的相对丰度显著相关；速效钾含量与座囊菌纲、翼孢属和毛霉目的相对丰度显著相关；全氮含量与粪壳菌纲和毛霉目的相对丰度显著相关。这些结果表明，施肥是影响人参根际微生态的关键因素之一，优化施肥体系是克服连作障碍的有效方法。
