Liotto Nadia, Roggero Paola, Bracco Beatrice, Menis Camilla, Morniroli Daniela, Perrone Michela, Giannì Maria L, Mosca Fabio
Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2018 Mar;66(3):e76-e80. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001758.
Increasing evidence demonstrates that body composition in early life contributes to the programming of health later in life in both full-term and preterm infants. Given the important role of body composition, the increased availability of easy, noninvasive, and accurate techniques for its assessment has been recommended. The aim of the present study was to identify basic characteristics and anthropometric measurements that best correlate with body composition in infants.
Anthropometric measurements and body composition assessed by air-displacement plethysmography were assessed either at birth or at term-corrected age in 1239 infants (654 full-term, 585 preterm). The associations of sex, GA (gestational age), and weight with FFM (fat-free mass) and FM (fat mass) adjusted by length (g/cm) were investigated by multiple linear regression models. Bland-Altman tests were performed, and an equation for calculating FFM was determined.
Preterm infants exhibited increased FM and reduced FFM compared with full-term infants (477.6 ± 204 vs 259.7 ± 147 g and 2583 ± 494 vs 2770 ± 364 g, respectively). GA, male sex, and weight were positively associated with FFM (r = 0.806, P < 0.0001; 6.1 g of average bias). GA and male sex were negatively associated with FM, whereas weight was positively associated with FM (r = 0.641, P < 0.0001; 4.9 g of average bias).
The assessment of body composition represents the criterion standard. When body composition assessment is not feasible, the equation based on sex, GA, and anthropometric measurements can be useful in predicting body composition in both full-term and preterm infants.
越来越多的证据表明，无论是足月儿还是早产儿，生命早期的身体组成都对其后期的健康编程有影响。鉴于身体组成的重要作用，有人建议增加简单、无创且准确的评估技术。本研究的目的是确定与婴儿身体组成最相关的基本特征和人体测量指标。
对1239名婴儿（654名足月儿，585名早产儿）在出生时或足月校正年龄时进行人体测量，并通过空气置换体积描记法评估身体组成。通过多元线性回归模型研究性别、GA（胎龄）和体重与经身长调整后的FFM（去脂体重）和FM（脂肪量）之间的关联。进行Bland-Altman检验，并确定计算FFM的方程。
与足月儿相比，早产儿的FM增加而FFM减少（分别为477.6±204 g和259.7±147 g，以及2583±494 g和2770±364 g）。GA、男性性别和体重与FFM呈正相关（r = 0.806，P < 0.0001；平均偏差6.1 g）。GA和男性性别与FM呈负相关，而体重与FM呈正相关（r = 0.641，P < 0.0001；平均偏差4.9 g）。
身体组成的评估是标准方法。当身体组成评估不可行时，基于性别、GA和人体测量指标的方程可用于预测足月儿和早产儿的身体组成。
