Adejumo Oluseyi, Okaka Enajite, Iyawe Ikponmwosa
Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.
Malawi Med J. 2017 Jun;29(2):113-117. doi: 10.4314/mmj.v29i2.7.
The prevalence of hypertension and attendant cardiovascular disease burden is increasing globally. Auditing antihypertensive prescriptions and assessing patients with hypertension for blood pressure (BP) control are important steps on the path to reducing hypertension-related morbidity, mortality, and health expenditure. This study assessed the prescription pattern of antihypertensive medications and BP control among hypertensive outpatients at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital in Benin City, Nigeria.
This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that involved 224 hypertensive patients. Information obtained from participants included sociodemographic data, duration of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, and number and classes of antihypertensive medications used. Good BP control was defined as a mean BP less than 140/90mmHg.
The mean age of hypertensive subjects was 59.6 ± 12.2 years, with a male:female ratio of 1:1.9 and a median duration of hypertension of 5 years. Twenty-four participants (10.7%) had both hypertension and diabetes. The common classes of antihypertensive medications used were diuretics, calcium channel blockers (CCB), and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). Forty participants (17.8%) were on monotherapy, while the rest were on multidrug therapy. The most commonly prescribed antihypertensive combination was diuretic + ACEI/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), followed by diuretic + CCB + ACEI/ARB. Good BP control was observed in 120 participants (53.6%). The proportion of patients with good BP control was largest among patients on monotherapy and those with tertiary education, though these observations were not statistically significant.
The pattern of prescribed antihypertensive medications complied with recommended guidelines. Blood pressure control amongst hypertensive patients was unsatisfactory. More efforts should be geared towards better BP control.
全球范围内，高血压患病率及随之而来的心血管疾病负担正在增加。审核抗高血压药物处方并评估高血压患者的血压控制情况，是降低高血压相关发病率、死亡率和医疗支出的重要步骤。本研究评估了尼日利亚贝宁城贝宁大学教学医院高血压门诊患者的抗高血压药物处方模式及血压控制情况。
这是一项横断面描述性研究，涉及224名高血压患者。从参与者处获得的信息包括社会人口统计学数据、高血压病程、糖尿病病史以及使用的抗高血压药物数量和种类。良好的血压控制定义为平均血压低于140/90mmHg。
高血压患者的平均年龄为59.6±12.2岁，男女比例为1:1.9，高血压的中位病程为5年。24名参与者（10.7%）同时患有高血压和糖尿病。常用的抗高血压药物种类为利尿剂、钙通道阻滞剂（CCB）和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEI）。40名参与者（17.8%）接受单药治疗，其余接受多药治疗。最常开具的抗高血压药物组合是利尿剂+ACEI/血管紧张素受体阻滞剂（ARB），其次是利尿剂+CCB+ACEI/ARB。120名参与者（53.6%）的血压得到良好控制。在接受单药治疗的患者和受过高等教育的患者中，血压控制良好的患者比例最高，不过这些观察结果无统计学意义。
抗高血压药物的处方模式符合推荐指南。高血压患者的血压控制情况不尽人意。应加大力度以更好地控制血压。
