a School of Graduate Psychology , Pacific University , Hillsboro, OR , USA.
b VA Salt Lake City Health Care System , Salt Lake City, UT , USA.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2018 Nov;32(8):1454-1474. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1380845. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Nonverbal memory decline is a concern associated with aging. Visuospatial memory tests often do not distinguish between learning, recall, or retrieval, yet such distinctions may help clarify the nature of memory difficulties. Further, many visuospatial tests rely on abilities not directly related to memory (e.g. graphomotor skill). The present study examined the feasibility and initial psychometric evidence of the Visual-Spatial Memory and Recall Test (V-SMART).
Ninety-nine adults (71% women) were recruited from two sources: undergraduate students (n = 37) and healthy older adults (n = 62). Volunteers completed a brief battery of cognitive tests.
Internal consistency and interrater reliability were strong. Principal Components Analysis supported the hypothesized learning and recall structure, and correlations with other memory tests supported external validity of the V-SMART as a visuospatial learning measure. Correlations with recall scores were less compelling yet likely reflected the intact recall among this generally healthy sample.
These preliminary findings support the V-SMART as a visuospatial memory test. Evidence for validity was acceptable for learning indices; further examination of recall measures is needed.
非言语记忆衰退是与衰老相关的一个关注点。视空间记忆测试通常无法区分学习、回忆或检索，但这些区别可能有助于阐明记忆困难的性质。此外，许多视空间测试依赖于与记忆不直接相关的能力（例如，笔迹技能）。本研究考察了视觉空间记忆和回忆测试（V-SMART）的可行性和初步心理测量证据。
从两个来源招募了 99 名成年人（71%为女性）：大学生（n=37）和健康老年人（n=62）。志愿者完成了一系列简短的认知测试。
内部一致性和评分者间信度都很强。主成分分析支持了假设的学习和回忆结构，与其他记忆测试的相关性支持了 V-SMART 作为视空间学习测量的外部有效性。与回忆分数的相关性不太有说服力，但可能反映了这个总体健康样本的完整回忆能力。
这些初步发现支持 V-SMART 作为视空间记忆测试。学习指标的有效性证据是可以接受的；需要进一步研究回忆测试。
