Signorelli Carlo, Odone Anna, Cella Paola, Iannazzo Stefania, D'Ancona Fortunato, Guerra Raniero
Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy - Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2017 Jul-Sep;53(3):231-237. doi: 10.4415/ANN_17_03_09.
In Italy, national-level immunization polices are included in the National Immunization Prevention Plan (PNPV), whose latest edition - 2017-2019 PNPV - was finally approved in February 2017. Coverage rates are a key measure of immunization system performance; it can inform and support national and regional polices' implementation monitoring, as well as measure the impact of interventions aimed at increasing vaccine uptake.
We collected, analysed and critically interpreted 2000-2016 Italian national infant immunization coverage trends, by different vaccine, target population, and by Region. Data were provided by the Directorate General for Prevention of the Italian Ministry of Health.
In 2016, none of the mandatory or recommended vaccines reached the 95% national coverage target set in the PNPV. Weighted average national coverage for currently mandatory vaccines (against Polio, Tetanus, Diphtheria, Hepatitis B) and other antigens included in the hexavalent vaccine (Pertussis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b) ranged between 93.0% for Hepatitis B and 93.7% for Tetanus; it was lower for Measles, Mumps and Rubella vaccines (87.2%), pneumococcal (88.4%) and meningococcal C conjugate vaccines (80.7%), with a high degree of heterogeneity by Region. Both hexavalent and MMR vaccines coverage rates have been decreasing in the last years, respectively from 2012 (-2.8%) and from 2010 (-3.6%).
Further efforts are needed to increase vaccine uptake in Italy, to improve data collection and reporting, as well as to fight the growing phenomenon of the vaccine hesitancy so that PNPV's objectives and targets can be met in the near future.
在意大利，国家级免疫政策包含在《国家免疫预防计划》（PNPV）中，其最新版本——2017 - 2019年PNPV——于2017年2月最终获批。覆盖率是衡量免疫体系绩效的关键指标；它可为国家和地区政策的实施监测提供信息并提供支持，还能衡量旨在提高疫苗接种率的干预措施的影响。
我们收集、分析并审慎解读了2000 - 2016年意大利全国婴儿免疫接种覆盖率趋势，按不同疫苗、目标人群和地区进行分析。数据由意大利卫生部预防总局提供。
2016年，没有一种强制或推荐疫苗达到PNPV设定的95%的全国覆盖率目标。当前强制疫苗（针对脊髓灰质炎、破伤风、白喉、乙型肝炎）以及六价疫苗中包含的其他抗原（百日咳和b型流感嗜血杆菌）的加权平均全国覆盖率在乙型肝炎的93.0%至破伤风的93.7%之间；麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗（87.2%）、肺炎球菌疫苗（88.4%）和C群脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗（80.7%）的覆盖率较低，且地区间存在高度异质性。在过去几年中，六价疫苗和MMR疫苗的覆盖率均呈下降趋势，分别从2012年起下降了2.8%，从2010年起下降了3.6%。
意大利需要进一步努力提高疫苗接种率，改善数据收集和报告工作，并应对疫苗犹豫现象的不断增加，以便在不久的将来实现PNPV的目标。
