Mazzaro Raffaello, Romano Francesco, Ceroni Paola
Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, and Interuniversity Center for the Chemical Conversion of Solar Energy (SolarChem), Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2017 Oct 11;19(39):26507-26526. doi: 10.1039/c7cp05208a.
Silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) synthesized by plasma-induced or high temperature processes (e.g., thermal disproportionation of hydrogen silsesquioxane at T > 1100 °C) display bright (photoluminescence quantum yield up to 70%) and long-lived luminescence (hundreds of μs), which can be tuned from green to red and near-infra-red spectral regions according to nanocrystal dimensions. The present review focuses on the parameters affecting the optical properties of these SiNCs, namely size, shape, surface, degree of crystallinity, and on a method to increase their brightness by functionalising SiNCs with dyes to build up a light-harvesting antenna. The final discussion presents some of the most recent examples of applications, which take advantage of the luminescence properties of SiNCs: energy conversion devices, sensors, and bioimaging probes.
通过等离子体诱导或高温工艺（例如，在T > 1100 °C下氢倍半硅氧烷的热歧化）合成的硅纳米晶体（SiNCs）具有明亮的发光特性（光致发光量子产率高达70%）和长寿命发光（数百微秒），其发光可根据纳米晶体尺寸在绿色到红色以及近红外光谱区域进行调节。本综述重点关注影响这些SiNCs光学性质的参数，即尺寸、形状、表面、结晶度，以及一种通过用染料对SiNCs进行功能化以构建光捕获天线来提高其亮度的方法。最后的讨论展示了一些利用SiNCs发光特性的最新应用实例：能量转换器件、传感器和生物成像探针。
