Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P. R. China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2017 Nov 13;46(22):6927-6945. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00283a.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent-organic frameworks (COFs) are two emerging and explosively growing families of crystalline porous materials (CPMs). These robust frameworks are characterized by their extraordinary porosity, tremendous structural diversity, and versatile functional tunability with precision at the molecular level. In this review, we present recent milestones of MOFs and COFs in the fields of batteries and supercapacitors, two important technologies in electrochemical energy storage (EES), and highlight the functions that a CPM can offer in EES devices, including the storage of electrochemical energy, stabilization of electrode materials, pathways for charge transport, manipulation on mass transport, and promotion of electrochemical reactions. Key requirements for each function are discussed, with future directions provided for further development.
金属-有机骨架（MOFs）和共价有机骨架（COFs）是两类新兴的、快速发展的晶体多孔材料（CPMs）。这些坚固的骨架具有非凡的多孔性、巨大的结构多样性以及在分子水平上精确的多功能功能可调性。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了 MOFs 和 COFs 在电池和超级电容器这两个电化学储能（EES）领域的最新里程碑，并强调了 CPM 在 EES 器件中可以提供的功能，包括电化学能量的存储、电极材料的稳定、电荷传输的途径、对质量传输的控制以及对电化学反应的促进。讨论了每种功能的关键要求，并为进一步发展提供了未来的方向。
