Weinberg Michael, Harel Hila, Shamani Michal, Or-Chen Keren, Ron Pnina, Gil Sharon
School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Israel.
Soc Work. 2017 Oct 1;62(4):341-348. doi: 10.1093/sw/swx043.
Exposure to war can lead to numerous traumatic experiences affecting the daily lives and personal well-being of the civilian population. However, no research to date has examined the associations between postwar well-being and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, tendency to forgive, and social support during and following war. Authors examined a sample of 160 Israeli civilians who were exposed to rocket and missile fire during the 2014 Gaza War. Time 1 (Tl) started approximately one week after the beginning of the war and ended four weeks later following the first 72-hour ceasefire declaration by the United Nations. Respondents were re-approached by personal e-mail approximately one month after T1. A structural equation model design showed that higher postwar tendency to forgive, and social support, are associated with higher postwar well-being. It is notable that higher social support during the war had a negative effect on postwar well-being. In addition, higher posttraumatic symptoms and well-being during the war had a positive effect on higher postwar well-being. The study findings reinforce the importance of personal variables in postwar well-being. However, increased awareness of both social support and PTSD symptoms as "double-edged sword" resources is advisable, considering the different effects of social support and PTSD symptoms on well-being both during and after the war.
经历战争会导致许多创伤性经历，影响平民的日常生活和个人幸福。然而，迄今为止，尚无研究探讨战后幸福感与创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、宽恕倾向以及战争期间及战后的社会支持之间的关联。作者对160名在2014年加沙战争期间遭受火箭弹和导弹袭击的以色列平民进行了抽样调查。时间1（T1）从战争开始后约一周开始，在联合国首次宣布72小时停火后的四周结束。在T1结束约一个月后，通过个人电子邮件再次联系受访者。结构方程模型设计表明，战后更高的宽恕倾向和社会支持与更高的战后幸福感相关。值得注意的是，战争期间更高的社会支持对战后幸福感有负面影响。此外，战争期间更高的创伤后症状和幸福感对更高的战后幸福感有积极影响。研究结果强化了个人变量在战后幸福感中的重要性。然而，鉴于社会支持和创伤后应激障碍症状在战争期间和战后对幸福感的不同影响，将社会支持和创伤后应激障碍症状视为“双刃剑”资源并提高认识是明智的。
