School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2017 Dec;29(47). doi: 10.1002/adma.201703614. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have drawn tremendous attention because of their abundant diversity in structure and composition. Recently, there has been growing research interest in deriving advanced nanomaterials with complex architectures and tailored chemical compositions from MOF-based precursors for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Here, a comprehensive overview of the synthesis and energy-related applications of complex nanostructures derived from MOF-based precursors is provided. After a brief summary of synthetic methods of MOF-based templates and their conversion to desirable nanostructures, delicate designs and preparation of complex architectures from MOFs or their composites are described in detail, including porous structures, single-shelled hollow structures, and multishelled hollow structures, as well as other unusual complex structures. Afterward, their applications are discussed as electrode materials or catalysts for lithium-ion batteries, hybrid supercapacitors, water-splitting devices, and fuel cells. Lastly, the research challenges and possible development directions of complex nanostructures derived from MOF-based-templates for electrochemical energy storage and conversion applications are outlined.
金属-有机骨架（MOFs）因其结构和组成的丰富多样性而引起了极大的关注。最近，人们越来越关注从 MOF 前体制备具有复杂结构和定制化学成分的先进纳米材料，用于电化学储能和转换。本文全面综述了基于 MOF 前体制备的复杂纳米结构的合成及在能源相关领域的应用。在简要总结了基于 MOF 的模板的合成方法及其转化为理想纳米结构之后，详细描述了从 MOFs 或其复合材料中进行精细设计和制备复杂结构，包括多孔结构、单壳空心结构和多壳空心结构以及其他不常见的复杂结构。然后，讨论了它们作为锂离子电池、混合超级电容器、水分解装置和燃料电池的电极材料或催化剂的应用。最后，概述了基于 MOF 模板的复杂纳米结构在电化学储能和转换应用方面的研究挑战和可能的发展方向。
