Pavoni Chiara, Cretella Lombardo Elisabetta, Franchi Lorenzo, Lione Roberta, Cozza Paola
Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Oct;101:47-50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.07.032. Epub 2017 Jul 24.
To evaluate the craniofacial changes induced by functional appliances with special regard to the oro and nasopharyngeal sagittal airway dimensions in subjects with dentoskeletal Class II malocclusions when compared with an untreated Class II control group immediately after therapy and at long-term observation.
A group of 40 patients (21 females and 19 males) with Class II malocclusion treated consecutively either with a Bionator or an Activator followed by fixed appliances was compared with a matched control group of 31 subjects (16 females and 15 males) with untreated Class II malocclusion. The treated sample was evaluated at T1, start of treatment (mean age: 9.9 ± 1.4 years); T2, end of functional treatment and prior to fixed appliances (mean age: 11.9 ± 1.3 years); and T3, long-term observation at the end of growth (mean age: 18.2 ± 2.1 years). Statistical comparisons were performed with independent sample t tests at T1 (baseline characteristics) and for the T1-T2, T2-T3, and T1-T3 changes.
During active treatment the treated group showed a significant increment in lower airway dimension (PNS-AD1), as well as a significant improvement in the upper airway dimension (PNS-AD2). A significant decrease in the upper adenoid size (AD2-H) was also found. In the longterm evaluation, a significant increase in both lower and upper airway thickness (PNS-AD1; PNS-AD2) and a significant decrease in the upper adenoid thickness were still present in the treated group.
The treatment with functional appliances produced significant favorable changes during active treatment in the oro- and nasopharyngeal sagittal airway dimensions in dentoskeletal Class II subjects when compared with untreated controls, and these changes were stable in the long-term.
评估功能性矫治器对牙颌面骨骼II类错牙合畸形患者颅面部的影响，特别关注治疗后即刻及长期观察时口咽和鼻咽矢状径气道尺寸，并与未经治疗的II类错牙合畸形对照组进行比较。
将40例（21例女性，19例男性）连续采用Bionator或Activator矫治器治疗后再使用固定矫治器治疗的II类错牙合畸形患者，与31例（16例女性，15例男性）未经治疗的II类错牙合畸形匹配对照组进行比较。对治疗组在T1（治疗开始，平均年龄：9.9±1.4岁）、T2（功能性治疗结束且未使用固定矫治器前，平均年龄：11.9±1.3岁）和T3（生长结束时的长期观察，平均年龄：18.2±2.1岁）进行评估。在T1（基线特征）以及T1 - T2、T2 - T3和T1 - T3变化时，采用独立样本t检验进行统计学比较。
在积极治疗期间，治疗组的下气道尺寸（PNS - AD1）显著增加，上气道尺寸（PNS - AD2）也显著改善。同时发现腺样体上界尺寸（AD2 - H）显著减小。在长期评估中，治疗组的上下气道厚度（PNS - AD1；PNS - AD2）仍显著增加，腺样体上界厚度仍显著减小。
与未经治疗的对照组相比，功能性矫治器治疗在积极治疗期间使牙颌面骨骼II类错牙合畸形患者的口咽和鼻咽矢状径气道尺寸产生了显著的有利变化，且这些变化在长期是稳定的。
