Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
Cereb Cortex. 2018 Sep 1;28(9):3295-3308. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhx200.
The development of the brain, particularly the protracted maturation of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), supports the development of episodic memory. Yet how different regions of the PFC functionally mature to support age-related increases in memory performance remains unclear. We investigated the PFC contribution to subsequent memory (SM) of encoded visual scenes in children, adolescents, and young adults (n = 83). We identified distinct patterns of PFC activations supporting SM: regions in the lateral PFC showed positive SM effects, whereas regions in the superior and medial PFC showed negative SM effects. Both positive and negative SM effects increased with age. The magnitude of negative SM effects in the superior PFC partially mediated the age-related increase in memory. Functional connectivity between lateral PFC and regions in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) increased with age during successful memory formation. In contrast, functional connectivity between the superior PFC and regions in the MTL decreased with age, suggesting an age-related increase in the anti-correlation between these regions. These findings highlight the differential involvement of regions within the PFC supporting memory formation.
大脑的发育，特别是前额叶皮层（PFC）的长期成熟，支持了情景记忆的发展。然而，PFC 的不同区域如何在功能上成熟以支持与年龄相关的记忆表现的提高仍不清楚。我们研究了 PFC 对儿童、青少年和年轻人（n = 83）编码视觉场景的后续记忆（SM）的贡献。我们确定了支持 SM 的 PFC 激活的不同模式：外侧 PFC 中的区域显示出正的 SM 效应，而上侧和内侧 PFC 中的区域显示出负的 SM 效应。正的和负的 SM 效应都随着年龄的增长而增加。上侧 PFC 中的负 SM 效应的大小部分介导了记忆与年龄相关的增加。在成功的记忆形成过程中，外侧 PFC 与内侧颞叶（MTL）区域之间的功能连接随着年龄的增长而增加。相比之下，上侧 PFC 与 MTL 区域之间的功能连接随着年龄的增长而减少，这表明这些区域之间的反相关关系随着年龄的增长而增加。这些发现强调了 PFC 内支持记忆形成的不同区域的参与。
