Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2014 Mar;26(3):501-13. doi: 10.1162/jocn_a_00517. Epub 2013 Nov 4.
We examined the normal development of intrinsic functional connectivity of the default network (brain regions typically deactivated for attention-demanding tasks) as measured by resting-state fMRI in children, adolescents, and young adults ages 8-24 years. We investigated both positive and negative correlations and employed analysis methods that allowed for valid interpretation of negative correlations and that also minimized the influence of motion artifacts that are often confounds in developmental neuroimaging. As age increased, there were robust developmental increases in negative correlations, including those between medial pFC (MPFC) and dorsolateral pFC (DLPFC) and between lateral parietal cortices and brain regions associated with the dorsal attention network. Between multiple regions, these correlations reversed from being positive in children to negative in adults. Age-related changes in positive correlations within the default network were below statistical threshold after controlling for motion. Given evidence in adults that greater negative correlation between MPFC and DLPFC is associated with superior cognitive performance, the development of an intrinsic anticorrelation between MPFC and DLPFC may be a marker of the large growth of working memory and executive functions that occurs from childhood to young adulthood.
我们通过静息态 fMRI 检查了儿童、青少年和 8-24 岁的年轻人的默认网络（通常在注意力要求高的任务中被抑制的大脑区域）内在功能连接的正常发育。我们研究了正相关和负相关，并采用了允许对负相关进行有效解释的分析方法，同时最小化了运动伪影的影响，运动伪影在发育神经影像学中常常是混杂因素。随着年龄的增长，负相关出现了显著的发育性增加，包括内侧前额叶皮质（MPFC）和背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）之间以及外侧顶叶皮层与与背侧注意网络相关的脑区之间的负相关。在多个区域之间，这些相关性从儿童期的正相关转变为成年期的负相关。在控制运动伪影后，默认网络内的正相关的年龄相关性变化低于统计阈值。鉴于成年人的证据表明，MPFC 和 DLPFC 之间更大的负相关与更好的认知表现相关，MPFC 和 DLPFC 之间内在的反相关的发展可能是从儿童期到青年期工作记忆和执行功能大量增长的标志。
