Klassen Ann Carroll, Smith Katherine Clegg, Shuster Michelle, Coa Kisha I, Caulfield Laura E, Helzlsouer Kathy J, Peairs Kimberly S, Shockney Lillie D, Stoney Dara, Hannum Susan
1 Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
2 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Integr Cancer Ther. 2018 Jun;17(2):350-362. doi: 10.1177/1534735417731515. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
In many countries, there are growing numbers of persons living with a prior diagnosis of cancer, due to the aging population and more successful strategies for treatment. There is also growing evidence of the importance of healthful diet and weight management for survivorship, yet many long-term cancer survivors are not successfully following recommendations.
We explored this issue in a mixed methods study with 53 adult survivors of 3 cancers (breast, prostate, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), living in Maryland. Participants provided three 24-hour dietary recalls, and results were used to classify respondents on 2 metrics of healthful eating (the Healthy Eating Index 2010, and a 9-item index based on current dietary recommendations). Recalls were also used to guide in-depth qualitative discussions with participants regarding self-assessment of dietary behaviors, healthful eating, and diet's importance in cancer prevention and survivorship.
Survivors following a more healthful diet were more likely to be female, have greater socioeconomic resources, more years since diagnosis, normal weight, and no smoking history. Qualitative discussions revealed a more nuanced understanding of dietary strategies among healthful eaters, as well as the importance of household members in dietary decision making.
Most survivors had received little nutrition counseling as part of their cancer care, highlighting the importance of holistic, household-oriented nutrition education for maintaining health among long-term cancer survivors.
在许多国家，由于人口老龄化和更成功的治疗策略，以前被诊断患有癌症的人数不断增加。越来越多的证据表明健康饮食和体重管理对癌症幸存者的重要性，但许多长期癌症幸存者并未成功遵循相关建议。
我们在一项混合方法研究中探讨了这个问题，该研究涉及53名居住在马里兰州的3种癌症（乳腺癌、前列腺癌和非霍奇金淋巴瘤）的成年幸存者。参与者提供了三次24小时饮食回忆记录，结果用于根据两种健康饮食指标（2010年健康饮食指数和基于当前饮食建议的9项指标）对受访者进行分类。这些回忆记录还用于指导与参与者就饮食行为的自我评估、健康饮食以及饮食在癌症预防和生存中的重要性进行深入的定性讨论。
遵循更健康饮食的幸存者更有可能是女性，拥有更多的社会经济资源，自诊断以来的时间更长，体重正常且无吸烟史。定性讨论揭示了健康饮食者对饮食策略有更细致入微的理解，以及家庭成员在饮食决策中的重要性。
大多数幸存者在癌症治疗过程中几乎没有接受过营养咨询，这凸显了以家庭为导向的全面营养教育对长期癌症幸存者保持健康的重要性。
