Chaves M V A, Silva N S, Silva R H O, Jorge G L, Silveira I C, Medeiros L A, Hamawaki R L, Hamawaki O T, Nogueira A P O, Hamawaki C D L
Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, , , Brasil.
Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, , , Brasil
Genet Mol Res. 2017 Sep 27;16(3):gmr-16-03-gmr.16039795. doi: 10.4238/gmr16039795.
In order to obtain the certificate of cultivar protection, it is necessary to prove its distinctiveness, homogeneity, and stability. Currently, there are 37 descriptors for differentiating soybeans cultivars. However, they are still not enough and, as a result, it is necessary to create, identify, and evaluate new descriptors. This study was aimed at evaluating the genotypic and environment interaction (GxE) and determining the stability of eight soybean cultivars for five vegetative-stage descriptors. The research was done in a greenhouse of the Soybean Breeding and Genetic Studies Program of Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. The treatments were composed of eight soybean cultivars, sown in two different growing seasons (January 25, 2014 and November 27, 2014). The experiments were carried out in randomized complete blocks with three replications and each experimental plot consisted of one pot with four soybean plants. The characters evaluated were: length of hypocotyl (LH), length of epicotyl (LE), length of unifoliolate leaf petiole (LUP), length of first trifoliate leaf petiole (LTLP), and rachis length of terminal leaflet of the first trifoliate leaf (RL). The data achieved from the trials were undergone genetic-statistical analyses by the GENES software. For all analyzed characters, the existence of genetic variability was observed emphasizing the vegetative-stage descriptors' utility to differentiate soybean cultivars. The occurrence of GxE interaction was detected for all characters assessed, mainly of complex nature, except by RL, which was of simple nature. The most stable cultivars for the vegetative-stage descriptors analysed were UFUS 7415 and UFUS Impacta.
为了获得品种保护证书，有必要证明其特异性、一致性和稳定性。目前，有37个描述符用于区分大豆品种。然而，这些仍然不够，因此有必要创建、识别和评估新的描述符。本研究旨在评估基因型与环境互作（GxE），并确定8个大豆品种在5个营养阶段描述符方面的稳定性。研究在乌贝兰迪亚联邦大学大豆育种与遗传研究项目的温室中进行。处理由8个大豆品种组成，在两个不同的生长季节（2014年1月25日和2014年11月27日）播种。实验采用随机完全区组设计，重复3次，每个试验区由一个装有4株大豆植株的花盆组成。评估的性状包括：下胚轴长度（LH）、上胚轴长度（LE）、单叶叶柄长度（LUP）、第一三出复叶叶柄长度（LTLP）以及第一三出复叶顶生小叶的叶轴长度（RL）。试验获得的数据通过GENES软件进行遗传统计分析。对于所有分析的性状，均观察到遗传变异的存在，强调了营养阶段描述符在区分大豆品种方面的实用性。在所评估的所有性状中均检测到GxE互作的发生，主要为复杂性质，但RL除外，其为简单性质。在所分析的营养阶段描述符方面，最稳定的品种是UFUS 7415和UFUS Impacta。
