Sethi Gurupreet S, Dharwal Vivek, Naura Amarjit S
Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
Front Immunol. 2017 Sep 19;8:1172. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01172. eCollection 2017.
Asthma, acute lung injury (ALI), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are lung inflammatory disorders with a common outcome, that is, difficulty in breathing. Corticosteroids, a class of potent anti-inflammatory drugs, have shown less success in the treatment/management of these disorders, particularly ALI and COPD; thus, alternative therapies are needed. Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases (PARPs) are the post-translational modifying enzymes with a primary role in DNA repair. During the last two decades, several studies have reported the critical role played by PARPs in a good of inflammatory disorders. In the current review, the studies that address the role of PARPs in asthma, ALI, and COPD have been discussed. Among the different members of the family, PARP-1 emerges as a key player in the orchestration of lung inflammation in asthma and ALI. In addition, PARP activation seems to be associated with the progression of COPD. Furthermore, PARP-14 seems to play a crucial role in asthma. STAT-6 and GATA-3 are reported to be central players in PARP-1-mediated eosinophilic inflammation in asthma. Interestingly, oxidative stress-PARP-1-NF-κB axis appears to be tightly linked with inflammatory response in all three-lung diseases despite their distinct pathophysiologies. The present review sheds light on PARP-1-regulated factors, which may be common or differential players in asthma/ALI/COPD and put forward our prospective for future studies.
哮喘、急性肺损伤（ALI）和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是具有共同结局（即呼吸困难）的肺部炎症性疾病。皮质类固醇是一类强效抗炎药物，在这些疾病，尤其是ALI和COPD的治疗/管理中效果欠佳；因此，需要替代疗法。聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶（PARP）是在DNA修复中起主要作用的翻译后修饰酶。在过去二十年中，多项研究报道了PARP在多种炎症性疾病中发挥的关键作用。在本综述中，讨论了涉及PARP在哮喘、ALI和COPD中作用的研究。在该家族的不同成员中，PARP - 1在哮喘和ALI的肺部炎症调节中成为关键角色。此外，PARP激活似乎与COPD的进展有关。此外，PARP - 14似乎在哮喘中起关键作用。据报道，STAT - 6和GATA - 3是PARP - 1介导的哮喘嗜酸性粒细胞炎症的核心参与者。有趣的是，尽管这三种肺部疾病的病理生理学不同，但氧化应激 - PARP - 1 - NF - κB轴似乎与它们的炎症反应紧密相关。本综述阐明了PARP - 1调节的因子，这些因子可能是哮喘/ALI/COPD中常见或不同的参与者，并提出了我们对未来研究的展望。
