Nakaya Naoki, Sultana Afia, Tomarev Stanislav I
Section of Retinal Ganglion Cell Biology, Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
J Neurochem. 2017 Dec;143(6):635-644. doi: 10.1111/jnc.14231. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
The olfm1a and olfm1b genes in zebrafish encode conserved secreted glycoproteins. These genes are preferentially expressed in the brain and retina starting from 16 h post-fertilization until adulthood. Functions of the Olfm1 gene is still unclear. Here, we produced and analyzed a null zebrafish mutant of both olfm1a and olfm1b genes (olfm1 null). olfm1 null fish were born at a normal Mendelian ratio and showed normal body shape and fertility as well as no visible defects from larval stages to adult. Olfm1 proteins were preferentially localized in the synaptosomes of the adult brain. Olfm1 co-immunoprecipitated with GluR2 and soluble NSF attachment protein receptor complexes indicating participation of Olfm1 in both pre- and post-synaptic events. Phosphorylation of GluR2 was not changed while palmitoylation of GluR2 was decreased in the brain synaptosomal membrane fraction of olfm1 null compared with wt fish. The levels of GluR2, SNAP25, flotillin1, and VAMP2 were markedly reduced in the synaptic microdomain of olfm1 null brain compared with wt. The internalization of GluR2 in retinal cells and the localization of VAMP2 in brain synaptosome were modified by olfm1 null mutation. This indicates that Olfm1 may regulate receptor trafficking from the intracellular compartments to the synaptic membrane microdomain, partly through the alteration of post-translational GluR2 modifications such as palmitoylation. Olfm1 may be considered a novel regulator of the composition and function of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor complex.
斑马鱼中的olfm1a和olfm1b基因编码保守的分泌型糖蛋白。这些基因从受精后16小时开始直至成年,在大脑和视网膜中优先表达。Olfm1基因的功能仍不清楚。在这里,我们构建并分析了olfm1a和olfm1b基因的双敲除斑马鱼突变体(olfm1敲除)。olfm1敲除鱼以正常的孟德尔比例出生,体型和生育能力正常,从幼虫阶段到成年都没有明显缺陷。Olfm1蛋白优先定位于成年大脑的突触体中。Olfm1与GluR2和可溶性NSF附着蛋白受体复合物共免疫沉淀,表明Olfm1参与突触前和突触后事件。与野生型鱼相比,在olfm1敲除鱼的脑突触体膜部分,GluR2的磷酸化没有变化,而GluR2的棕榈酰化减少。与野生型相比,olfm1敲除脑的突触微区中GluR2、SNAP25、flotillin1和VAMP2的水平明显降低。olfm1敲除突变改变了视网膜细胞中GluR2的内化和脑突触体中VAMP2的定位。这表明Olfm1可能部分通过改变GluR翻译后修饰如棕榈酰化,来调节受体从细胞内区室向突触膜微区的转运。Olfm1可被认为是α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基异恶唑-4-丙酸受体复合物组成和功能的新型调节因子。