CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Toxins (Basel). 2017 Oct 4;9(10):312. doi: 10.3390/toxins9100312.
Scorpions use their venom in defensive situations as well as for subduing prey. Since some species of scorpion use their venom more in defensive situations than others, this may have led to selection for differences in effectiveness in defensive situations. Here, we compared the LD of the venom of 10 species of scorpions on five different species of target organisms; two insects and three vertebrates. We found little correlation between the target species in the efficacy of the different scorpion venoms. Only the two insects showed a positive correlation, indicating that they responded similarly to the panel of scorpion venoms. We discuss the lack of positive correlation between the vertebrate target species in the light of their evolution and development. When comparing the responses of the target systems to individual scorpion venoms pairwise, we found that closely related scorpion species tend to elicit a similar response pattern across the target species. This was further reflected in a significant phylogenetic signal across the scorpion phylogeny for the LD in mice and in zebrafish. We also provide the first mouse LD value for .
蝎子在防御和捕食时都会使用毒液。由于一些蝎子在防御时比其他蝎子更频繁地使用毒液，这可能导致了在防御情况下毒液效力的差异选择。在这里，我们比较了 10 种蝎子毒液对 5 种不同目标生物（两种昆虫和三种脊椎动物）的 LD。我们发现不同蝎子毒液的目标物种之间的相关性很小。只有两种昆虫表现出正相关，表明它们对蝎子毒液的面板有相似的反应。我们根据脊椎动物目标物种的进化和发育情况讨论了缺乏正相关的原因。当我们比较目标系统对单个蝎子毒液的两两反应时，我们发现密切相关的蝎子物种在目标物种上往往会产生相似的反应模式。这在小鼠和斑马鱼的 LD 中也反映在蝎子系统发育树上具有显著的系统发育信号。我们还提供了第一个用于 的小鼠 LD 值。
