Department of Physical Education, Sport and Human Movement, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPaz, CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2018 Jan 16;73(2):240-247. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glx117.
Regular physical activity (PA) has been shown to protect against disability onset but, once the disability is present, it is unclear if PA might attenuate its harmful health consequences. Thus, we examined if mortality risk associated with physical disability can be offset by PA among older adults.
We used data from a cohort of 3,752 individuals representative of the noninstitutionalized population aged 60 years and older in Spain. In 2000-2001, participants self-reported both PA levels (inactive, occasionally, monthly, weekly) and five physical disabilities (agility, mobility, global daily activities, instrumental activities of daily living, and self-care). Individuals were prospectively followed through 2014 to assess incident deaths.
The mean follow-up was 10.8 years, with a total of 1,727 deaths, 638 of them due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). All disability types were associated with higher total and CVD mortality. Being physically active (ie, doing any PA) was associated with a statistically significant 26%-37% and 35%-50% lower risk of total and CVD death, respectively, across types of disability. As compared with those being physically active and without disability, those who were inactive and had a disability showed the highest mortality risk from total (hazard ratios from 1.52 to 1.90 across disabilities, all p < .05) and from CVD (hazard ratios from 1.99 to 2.24 across disabilities, all p < .05). Total and CVD mortality risk was similar in physically active participants with disabilities and in inactive individuals without disability.
In older adults, PA could attenuate the increased risk of mortality associated with physical disability.
有研究表明，有规律的身体活动（PA）可预防残疾的发生，但一旦出现残疾，目前尚不清楚身体活动是否可以减轻其对健康的不良影响。因此，我们研究了身体残疾与老年人死亡率之间的关系，以及身体活动是否可以降低这种关系。
我们使用了来自西班牙一个代表 60 岁及以上非住院人群的队列研究的数据。在 2000-2001 年，参与者自我报告了身体活动水平（不活动、偶尔活动、每月活动、每周活动）和五种身体残疾（敏捷性、移动性、日常活动、日常活动工具和自我护理）。通过前瞻性随访评估参与者在 2014 年之前发生的死亡事件。
平均随访时间为 10.8 年，共有 1727 人死亡，其中 638 人死于心血管疾病（CVD）。所有类型的残疾都与更高的总死亡率和 CVD 死亡率相关。身体活跃（即进行任何身体活动）与总死亡率和 CVD 死亡率分别降低 26%-37%和 35%-50%相关，这种相关性在不同类型的残疾中都具有统计学意义。与身体活跃且无残疾的人群相比，不活跃且有残疾的人群的总死亡率（残疾类型的风险比为 1.52 至 1.90，所有 p<0.05）和 CVD 死亡率（残疾类型的风险比为 1.99 至 2.24，所有 p<0.05）最高。有残疾的身体活跃参与者和无残疾的不活跃参与者的总死亡率和 CVD 死亡率相似。
在老年人中，身体活动可能会降低身体残疾相关的死亡率风险。
