Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Geriatr. 2021 Mar 9;21(1):172. doi: 10.1186/s12877-021-02124-x.
Iran's population is aging. Disability is a major public health problem for older adults, not only in Iran but all over the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cardio-metabolic and socio-demographic risk factors and disability in people 60 years and older in Iran.
The baseline (cross-sectional) data of 2426 samples from the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program was included in the analysis. The participants were selected through multi-stage random sampling in Bushehr, southern Iran. Socio-demographic characteristics, as well as the history of diabetes and other chronic diseases, and smoking were measured using standardized questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were performed under standard conditions. Dependency was determined by the questionnaires of basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) using Barthel and Lawton scales respectively. Multiple logistic regression was used in the analysis.
Mean (Standard Deviation) of the participants' age was 69.3 (6.4) years (range: 60 and 96 years), and 48.1% of the participants were men. After adjusting for potential confounders, being older, being female (OR (95%CI): 2.3 (1.9-2.9)), having a lower education level, a history of diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.4 (1.2-1.7)) and past smoking (OR: 1.3 (1.0-1.6)), and no physical activity (OR: 1.5 (1.2-1.9)) were significantly associated with dependency in IADL. Also, being older and female (OR: 2.4 (1.9-3.0)), having a lower education level, no physical activity (OR: 2.2 (1.6-2.9)) and daily intake of calories (OR: 0.99 (0.99-0.99)) were associated with dependency in BADL.
Dependency in older adults can be prevented by increasing community literacy, improving physical activity, preventing and controlling diabetes mellitus, avoiding smoking, and reducing daily calorie intake.
伊朗人口正在老龄化。残疾是老年人的一个主要公共卫生问题，不仅在伊朗，在全世界都是如此。本研究旨在探讨伊朗 60 岁及以上人群中与心血管代谢和社会人口学风险因素相关的残疾问题。
本研究纳入了伊朗布什尔老年健康（BEH）项目的 2426 例基线（横断面）数据。参与者是通过伊朗南部布什尔的多阶段随机抽样选择的。使用标准化问卷测量社会人口统计学特征以及糖尿病和其他慢性疾病史和吸烟情况。在标准条件下进行人体测量和实验室检查。使用巴氏量表和洛文斯顿量表的基本日常生活活动（BADL）和工具性日常生活活动（IADL）问卷分别确定依赖程度。采用多因素逻辑回归进行分析。
参与者的平均（标准差）年龄为 69.3（6.4）岁（范围：60-96 岁），48.1%为男性。在调整潜在混杂因素后，年龄较大、女性（OR（95%CI）：2.3（1.9-2.9））、教育程度较低、糖尿病史（OR：1.4（1.2-1.7））和过去吸烟（OR：1.3（1.0-1.6））以及缺乏体力活动（OR：1.5（1.2-1.9））与 IADL 依赖显著相关。此外，年龄较大和女性（OR：2.4（1.9-3.0））、教育程度较低、缺乏体力活动（OR：2.2（1.6-2.9））和每日热量摄入（OR：0.99（0.99-0.99））与 BADL 依赖相关。
通过提高社区文化素养、增加体力活动、预防和控制糖尿病、避免吸烟以及减少每日热量摄入，可预防老年人依赖。
