完美主义维度是焦虑症状的风险因素吗？11 项纵向研究的荟萃分析。
Are perfectionism dimensions risk factors for anxiety symptoms? A meta-analysis of 11 longitudinal studies.
机构信息
a Department of Psychology , University of Western Ontario , London , ON , Canada.
b Department of Psychology and Neuroscience , Dalhousie University , Halifax , NS , Canada.
出版信息
Anxiety Stress Coping. 2018 Jan;31(1):4-20. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2017.1384466. Epub 2017 Oct 5.
BACKGROUND
Over 50 years of theory and research implicates perfectionism in anxiety. However, it is unclear which (if any) perfectionism dimensions are risk factors for anxiety.
OBJECTIVE
To address this, we conducted a meta-analysis testing whether socially prescribed perfectionism, concern over mistakes, doubts about actions, self-oriented perfectionism, and personal standards predict increases in anxiety.
METHOD
Our literature search yielded 11 relevant studies for inclusion, composed of children, adolescents, undergraduates, community adults, and psychiatric patients.
RESULTS
Meta-analysis using random-effects models revealed concern over mistakes (r= .11), doubts about actions (r= .13), and personal standards (r= .08), but not socially prescribed perfectionism or self-oriented perfectionism, displayed significant small positive relationships with follow-up anxiety, after controlling for baseline anxiety.
CONCLUSION
Research is needed to understand the conditions under which the connection between perfectionism and anxiety becomes stronger (e.g., stress).
背景
超过 50 年的理论和研究表明完美主义与焦虑有关。然而，目前尚不清楚哪些（如果有的话）完美主义维度是焦虑的风险因素。
目的
为了解决这个问题，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，检验社会期望完美主义、对错误的关注、对行动的怀疑、自我导向完美主义和个人标准是否会预测焦虑的增加。
方法
我们的文献检索产生了 11 项相关研究，包括儿童、青少年、本科生、社区成年人和精神病患者。
结果
使用随机效应模型的荟萃分析显示，对错误的关注（r=0.11）、对行动的怀疑（r=0.13）和个人标准（r=0.08）与随访时的焦虑呈显著正相关，但社会期望完美主义或自我导向完美主义与焦虑无关，在控制基线焦虑后。
结论
需要进一步研究，以了解完美主义与焦虑之间的联系在何种情况下会变得更强（例如，压力）。
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