Daniilidou Athena
Department of Educational and Social Policy, University of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eur J Psychol. 2023 Nov 30;19(4):371-386. doi: 10.5964/ejop.11981. eCollection 2023 Nov.
Literature suggests that perfectionism is associated to self-compassion. However, the multiple relationships between the types of perfectionism (adaptive, maladaptive and non-perfectionists) and the multidimensional construct of self-compassion have not been thoroughly examined. To this end, the present study aimed (a) to examine the relationships between the types of perfectionism and the self-compassion components in an adult sample and (b) to check the effect of age on the relationship between the perfectionistic types and the self-compassion components. Participants were 509 adults aged 18 to 65 years. Self-report questionnaires were used to collect the data. Results indicated that High Standards positively predicted all self-compassion components while Discrepancy positively predicted Self-judgment and Isolation and overidentification and negatively predicted Self-Kindness and mindfulness and Common humanity. In addition, it was found that adaptive perfectionists and non-perfectionists reported higher levels on the positive components of self-compassion and lower levels on its negative components, compared to maladaptive perfectionists. With respect to age, participants in established (30-45 years) and middle (46-65 years) adulthood reported higher levels on the positive self-compassion components and lower levels on its negative components compared to young adults (18-29 years), while participants in emerging adulthood scored higher on both the dimensions of perfectionism (adaptive and maladaptive) compared to participants in established and middle adulthood. Finally, age moderated only the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and Isolation and overidentification. Future directions and implications are being discussed.
文献表明，完美主义与自我同情相关。然而，完美主义类型（适应性、适应不良性和非完美主义者）与自我同情的多维度结构之间的多重关系尚未得到充分研究。为此，本研究旨在：（a）在一个成人样本中检验完美主义类型与自我同情成分之间的关系；（b）检验年龄对完美主义类型与自我同情成分之间关系的影响。参与者为509名年龄在18至65岁之间的成年人。采用自陈问卷收集数据。结果表明，高标准正向预测所有自我同情成分，而差异正向预测自我评判、孤立、过度认同，负向预测自我友善、正念和共同人性。此外，研究发现，与适应不良的完美主义者相比，适应性完美主义者和非完美主义者在自我同情的积极成分上得分较高，在消极成分上得分较低。关于年龄，与年轻成年人（18至29岁）相比，处于成年中期（30至45岁）和成年晚期（46至65岁）的参与者在自我同情的积极成分上得分较高，在消极成分上得分较低，而处于成年初期的参与者在完美主义的两个维度（适应性和适应不良性）上的得分均高于成年中期和成年晚期的参与者。最后，年龄仅调节了适应性完美主义与孤立和过度认同之间的关系。文中还讨论了未来的研究方向和意义。
