García-Medina Sandra, Galar-Martínez Marcela, Gómez-Oliván Leobardo Manuel, Ruiz-Lara Karina, Islas-Flores Hariz, Gasca-Pérez Eloy
Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Sección de Graduados e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de Ayala y Carpio s/n, 11340 México D.F., México.
Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan s/n, Col. Residencial Colón, 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, México.
Aquat Toxicol. 2017 Nov;192:207-215. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.09.019. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
Mercury is one of the most toxic metals in aquatic systems since it is able to induce neurobehavioral disorders as well as renal and gastrointestinal tract damage. The common carp Cyprinus carpio is an important species from both an ecological and economic viewpoint as it is consumed in many countries, the top producers being Mexico, China, India and Japan. The present study aimed to evaluate the relation between Hg-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in diverse tissues of C. carpio. Specimens were exposed to 0.01mgHg/L (the maximum permissible limit for aquatic life protection), and lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were evaluated at 96h. Micronuclei frequency and DNA damage by comet assay were determined at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96h. Hg induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity on exposed fish, since inhibition of antioxidant enzymes activity and increases in lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and micronuclei frequency occurred. Blood, gill and liver were more susceptible to oxidative stress, while blood were more sensitive to genotoxicity. In conclusion, Hg at concentrations equal to the maximum permissible limit for aquatic life protection induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity on C. carpio, and these two effects prove to be correlated.
汞是水生系统中毒性最强的金属之一，因为它能够引发神经行为紊乱以及肾脏和胃肠道损伤。鲤鱼从生态和经济角度来看都是重要的物种，在许多国家都有消费，主要生产国是墨西哥、中国、印度和日本。本研究旨在评估汞诱导的氧化应激与鲤鱼不同组织中的遗传毒性之间的关系。将样本暴露于0.01mgHg/L（水生生物保护的最大允许限量），并在96小时时评估脂质过氧化、蛋白质羰基含量和抗氧化酶的活性。在12、24、48、72和96小时时通过彗星试验测定微核频率和DNA损伤。汞对暴露的鱼类诱导了氧化应激和遗传毒性，因为抗氧化酶活性受到抑制，脂质过氧化、DNA损伤和微核频率增加。血液、鳃和肝脏对氧化应激更敏感，而血液对遗传毒性更敏感。总之，等于水生生物保护最大允许限量的汞浓度对鲤鱼诱导了氧化应激和遗传毒性，并且这两种效应被证明是相关的。
