Ijaz Muhammad, Abbas Syed Nazar, Farooqi Shahid Hussain, Aqib Amjad Islam, Anwar Ghulam Ali, Rehman Abdul, Ali Muhammad Muddassir, Mehmood Khalid, Khan Amjad
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54600, Pakistan.
Acta Trop. 2018 Jan;177:51-57. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.09.032. Epub 2017 Oct 2.
The bovine leptospirosis is an economically important zoonotic disease of flood affected areas worldwide, but scarce information is available about its epidemiology in Pakistan. This is a first study on sero-epidemiology of bovine leptospirosis in Pakistan. The objectives of this study were to investigate the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine leptospirosis in flood affected zone of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 385 serum samples were randomly collected from four tehsils of district Muzaffargarh, Pakistan. The serum samples were subjected to indirect ELISA for the detection of anti-leptospira antibodies. The overall sero-prevalence of leptospirosis was 30.39%. The prevalence was significantly higher (p<0.001) in cattle (56.25%) than buffaloes (4.66%). The key risk factors identified based on multivariable logistic regression were; confined system of rearing, flooded area, and lesser to graduate level of education as risk factors for leptospirosis. The values of hematological parameters varied significantly (p<0.05) for Hb, TEC and PCV while there was no significant (p>0.05) difference among TLC values among sero-positive and sero-negative animals. The serum biochemical profile revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in values of ALT, AST and creatinine among the sero-positive and negative animals. Hence, it can be concluded that leptospirosis is an emerging and neglected disease in flood affected zone of Pakistan, and the disease needs to be explored comprehensively in other parts of the country to sort out solid strategies for its control and eradication.
牛钩端螺旋体病是一种在全球受洪水影响地区具有重要经济意义的人畜共患病，但关于其在巴基斯坦的流行病学信息却很少。这是巴基斯坦首次关于牛钩端螺旋体病血清流行病学的研究。本研究的目的是调查巴基斯坦旁遮普省受洪水影响地区牛钩端螺旋体病的血清流行率及相关危险因素。从巴基斯坦穆扎法尔格尔县的四个乡随机采集了385份血清样本。血清样本通过间接ELISA检测抗钩端螺旋体抗体。钩端螺旋体病的总体血清流行率为30.39%。牛的流行率（56.25%）显著高于水牛（4.66%）（p<0.001）。基于多变量逻辑回归确定的关键危险因素为：圈养饲养系统、洪水泛滥地区以及教育程度较低至本科水平是钩端螺旋体病的危险因素。血液学参数中，血红蛋白、总红细胞计数和红细胞压积的值差异显著（p<0.05），而血清阳性和血清阴性动物的白细胞总数之间无显著差异（p>0.05）。血清生化指标显示，血清阳性和阴性动物的谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶和肌酐值存在显著差异（p<0.05）。因此，可以得出结论，钩端螺旋体病是巴基斯坦受洪水影响地区一种新出现且被忽视的疾病，需要在该国其他地区进行全面探索，以制定切实可行的控制和根除策略。
