《抗 CRISPR 故事：一场生存之战》。

The Anti-CRISPR Story: A Battle for Survival.

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

出版信息

Mol Cell. 2017 Oct 5;68(1):8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.09.002.

DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2017.09.002

Abstract

The last decade has seen the fields of molecular biology and genetics transformed by the development of CRISPR-based gene editing technologies. These technologies were derived from bacterial defense systems that protect against viral invasion. Elegant studies focused on the evolutionary battle between CRISPR-encoding bacteria and the viruses that infect and kill them revealed the next step in this arms race, the anti-CRISPR proteins. Investigation of these proteins has provided important new insight into how CRISPR-Cas systems work and how bacterial genomes evolve. They have also led to the development of important biotechnological tools that can be used for genetic engineering, including off switches for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in human cells.

摘要

过去十年，基于 CRISPR 的基因编辑技术的发展彻底改变了分子生物学和遗传学领域。这些技术源自细菌防御系统，用于抵御病毒入侵。对 CRISPR 编码细菌与感染并杀死它们的病毒之间进化斗争的深入研究揭示了这场军备竞赛的下一步，即反 CRISPR 蛋白。对这些蛋白的研究为深入了解 CRISPR-Cas 系统的工作原理以及细菌基因组的进化提供了重要的新见解。它们还催生了重要的生物技术工具的发展，可用于基因工程，包括人类细胞中 CRISPR-Cas9 基因组编辑的关闭开关。