School of Psychology and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia.
Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, 615 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
Prev Med. 2018 Jan;106:66-72. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.10.006. Epub 2017 Oct 5.
Adolescence is a critical time for disengagement from physical activity making young people a priority group for interventions. To determine whether existing initiatives are working in this population segment and help inform future programs, the present study sought to (i) examine prevalences and trends in physical activity and screen-based recreation among Australian adolescents and (ii) identify the barriers to adolescents meeting recommended guidelines. Two cross-sectional representative samples of Western Australian secondary school students aged 12 to 17years were surveyed in 2009-2010 (n=1505) and 2012-2013 (n=1406). Around a quarter (24%) of boys and just 9% of girls reported engaging in the recommended 60min of physical activity per day in 2012-2013. A minority (13% of boys, 17% of girls) adhered to guidelines for time spent engaging in screen-based recreation (≤2h of electronic media use for entertainment). These findings were comparable to 2009-2010 prevalence levels. Multivariable logistic regression analyses conducted on data from the most recent wave found individual-level barriers to be significantly associated with lower odds of meeting physical activity guidelines in both boys (Adj. OR=0.52, 95% CI=0.38, 0.72) and girls (Adj. OR=0.41, 95% CI=0.25, 0.66). The consistently high proportion of adolescents not meeting physical activity recommendations over time suggests that current efforts to increase physical activity may be failing to have an impact on population-level trends in compliance. While initiatives to improve the built environment may reduce barriers at the environmental level, these initiatives risk having little impact on physical activity if individual level barriers remain unaddressed.
青春期是人们从体力活动中脱离出来的关键时期，因此年轻人是干预措施的优先群体。为了确定现有的干预措施在这一人群中是否有效，并为未来的项目提供信息，本研究旨在：（i）调查澳大利亚青少年的体力活动和屏幕娱乐的流行率和趋势；（ii）确定青少年达到推荐指南的障碍。在 2009-2010 年（n=1505）和 2012-2013 年（n=1406）对西澳大利亚州中学 12 至 17 岁学生进行了两次横断面代表性抽样调查。2012-2013 年，约四分之一（24%）的男孩和只有 9%的女孩报告每天进行 60 分钟的推荐体力活动。少数（13%的男孩，17%的女孩）遵守屏幕娱乐时间的指导方针（娱乐性电子媒体使用时间≤2 小时）。这些发现与 2009-2010 年的流行率水平相当。对最近一次调查数据进行的多变量逻辑回归分析发现，个人层面的障碍与男孩（调整后的 OR=0.52，95%CI=0.38，0.72）和女孩（调整后的 OR=0.41，95%CI=0.25，0.66）达到体力活动指南的可能性较低显著相关。随着时间的推移，越来越多的青少年不符合体力活动建议，这表明目前增加体力活动的努力可能无法对符合率的人口水平趋势产生影响。虽然改善建筑环境的举措可能会减少环境层面的障碍，但如果个人层面的障碍仍然存在，这些举措对体力活动的影响可能很小。
