Mun Eun-Gyung, Sohn Hee-Sook, Kim Mi-Sun, Cha Youn-Soo
Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Duckjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2017 Oct;11(5):388-395. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.5.388. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Although Korean fermented foods contain large amounts of salt, which is known to exacerbate health problems, these foods still have beneficial effects such as anti-hypertension, anti-cancer, and anti-colitis properties. We hypothesized that ganjang may have different effects on blood pressure compared to same concentrations of salt.
MATERIALS/METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (CT), NaCl (NC), and ganjang (GJ) groups and orally administered with 8% NaCl concentration for 9 weeks. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum chemistry, Na and K concentrations and renal gene expressions were measured.
The SBP was significantly increased in the NC group compared to the GJ and CT groups. In addition, the Na concentration in urine was higher in the GJ and NC groups than the CT group, but the urine volume was increased in the GJ group compared to the other groups. The serum renin levels were decreased in the GJ group compared to the CT group, while the serum aldosterone level was decreased in the GJ group relative to the NC group. The mRNA expression of the renin, angiotensin II type I receptor, and mineralocorticoid receptor were significantly lower in the GJ group compared to other groups. Furthermore, GJ group showed the lowest levels of genes for Na transporter in kidney cortex such as Na/K ATPaseα1 (NKAα1), Na/H exchanger 3 (NHE3), Na/HCO co-exchanger (NBC), and carbonic anhydrases II (CAII).
The decreased SBP in the GJ could be due to decreased renin and aldosterone levels in serum and increased urinary volume and excretion of Na with its transporter gene alteration. Therefore, ganjang may have antihypertensive effect despite its high contents of salt.
背景/目的：尽管韩国发酵食品含有大量已知会加剧健康问题的盐分，但这些食品仍具有诸如抗高血压、抗癌和抗结肠炎等有益作用。我们推测，与相同浓度的盐相比，酱油可能对血压有不同影响。
材料/方法：将Sprague-Dawley大鼠分为对照组（CT）、氯化钠组（NC）和酱油组（GJ），并以8%的氯化钠浓度口服给药9周。测量收缩压（SBP）、血清生化指标、钠和钾浓度以及肾脏基因表达。
与GJ组和CT组相比，NC组的SBP显著升高。此外，GJ组和NC组的尿钠浓度高于CT组，但GJ组的尿量相对于其他组有所增加。与CT组相比，GJ组的血清肾素水平降低，而与NC组相比，GJ组的血清醛固酮水平降低。与其他组相比，GJ组肾素、血管紧张素II 1型受体和盐皮质激素受体的mRNA表达显著降低。此外，GJ组肾皮质中钠转运体基因如钠钾ATP酶α1（NKAα1）、钠氢交换体3（NHE3）、钠/碳酸氢根协同转运体（NBC）和碳酸酐酶II（CAII）的水平最低。
GJ组SBP降低可能是由于血清中肾素和醛固酮水平降低，尿量增加以及钠排泄增加及其转运体基因改变所致。因此，尽管酱油含盐量高，但可能具有降压作用。
